ver
to seePresentewhat is going on now
Presente
Present — what is happening now, and what happens habitually
| yo | veoI see | nosotros | vemoswe see |
| tú | vesyou see | vosotros | veisyou all see |
| él/ella/Ud. | vehe/she sees | ellos/Uds. | venthey see |
Pretérito perfecto
Present perfect — have —ed; a past still touching now. Spain: today, this week. Latin America: mostly the indefinido instead
| yo | he vistoI have seen | nosotros | hemos vistowe have seen |
| tú | has vistoyou have seen | vosotros | habéis vistoyou all have seen |
| él/ella/Ud. | ha vistohe/she has seen | ellos/Uds. | han vistothey have seen |
Presente de subjuntivo
Present subjunctive — after que with wishes, doubt, emotion, ojalá
| yo | vea(that) I see | nosotros | veamos(that) we see |
| tú | veas(that) you see | vosotros | veáis(that) you all see |
| él/ella/Ud. | vea(that) he/she sees | ellos/Uds. | vean(that) they see |
Perfecto de subjuntivo
Present perfect subjunctive — have —ed, under doubt or emotion: no creo que haya venido
| yo | haya visto(that) I have seen | nosotros | hayamos visto(that) we have seen |
| tú | hayas visto(that) you have seen | vosotros | hayáis visto(that) you all have seen |
| él/ella/Ud. | haya visto(that) he/she has seen | ellos/Uds. | hayan visto(that) they have seen |
Pasadowhat went on
Pretérito indefinido
Preterite — a finished past action — it started, it ended
| yo | viI saw | nosotros | vimoswe saw |
| tú | visteyou saw | vosotros | visteisyou all saw |
| él/ella/Ud. | viohe/she saw | ellos/Uds. | vieronthey saw |
Pretérito imperfecto
Imperfect — used to / was —ing; background, habits, descriptions
| yo | veíaI used to see | nosotros | veíamoswe used to see |
| tú | veíasyou used to see | vosotros | veíaisyou all used to see |
| él/ella/Ud. | veíahe/she used to see | ellos/Uds. | veíanthey used to see |
Pretérito pluscuamperfecto
Past perfect — had —ed; further back than another past event
| yo | había vistoI had seen | nosotros | habíamos vistowe had seen |
| tú | habías vistoyou had seen | vosotros | habíais vistoyou all had seen |
| él/ella/Ud. | había vistohe/she had seen | ellos/Uds. | habían vistothey had seen |
Imperfecto de subjuntivo (-ra)
Imperfect subjunctive — si clauses and past-tense wishes: si tuviera, quería que fuera
| yo | viera(that) I saw | nosotros | viéramos(that) we saw |
| tú | vieras(that) you saw | vosotros | vierais(that) you all saw |
| él/ella/Ud. | viera(that) he/she saw | ellos/Uds. | vieran(that) they saw |
Imperfecto de subjuntivo (-se)
Imperfect subjunctive — the same tense, second form; commoner in Spain and in writing
| yo | viese(that) I saw | nosotros | viésemos(that) we saw |
| tú | vieses(that) you saw | vosotros | vieseis(that) you all saw |
| él/ella/Ud. | viese(that) he/she saw | ellos/Uds. | viesen(that) they saw |
Pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo
Past perfect subjunctive — had —ed, hypothetically: si hubiera sabido
| yo | hubiera visto(that) I had seen | nosotros | hubiéramos visto(that) we had seen |
| tú | hubieras visto(that) you had seen | vosotros | hubierais visto(that) you all had seen |
| él/ella/Ud. | hubiera visto(that) he/she had seen | ellos/Uds. | hubieran visto(that) they had seen |
Pretérito anterior
Preterite perfect — had —ed, immediately before; literary, all but extinct
| yo | hube vistoI had seen | nosotros | hubimos vistowe had seen |
| tú | hubiste vistoyou had seen | vosotros | hubisteis vistoyou all had seen |
| él/ella/Ud. | hubo vistohe/she had seen | ellos/Uds. | hubieron vistothey had seen |
Futurowhat will or would go on
Futuro simple
Future — will — (spoken Spanish often prefers voy a + infinitivo)
| yo | veréI will see | nosotros | veremoswe will see |
| tú | verásyou will see | vosotros | veréisyou all will see |
| él/ella/Ud. | veráhe/she will see | ellos/Uds. | veránthey will see |
Condicional simple
Conditional — would —; also softens a request into politeness
| yo | veríaI would see | nosotros | veríamoswe would see |
| tú | veríasyou would see | vosotros | veríaisyou all would see |
| él/ella/Ud. | veríahe/she would see | ellos/Uds. | veríanthey would see |
Futuro perfecto
Future perfect — will have —ed; done by some future point
| yo | habré vistoI will have seen | nosotros | habremos vistowe will have seen |
| tú | habrás vistoyou will have seen | vosotros | habréis vistoyou all will have seen |
| él/ella/Ud. | habrá vistohe/she will have seen | ellos/Uds. | habrán vistothey will have seen |
Condicional perfecto
Conditional perfect — would have —ed; the road not taken
| yo | habría vistoI would have seen | nosotros | habríamos vistowe would have seen |
| tú | habrías vistoyou would have seen | vosotros | habríais vistoyou all would have seen |
| él/ella/Ud. | habría vistohe/she would have seen | ellos/Uds. | habrían vistothey would have seen |
Futuro de subjuntivo
Future subjunctive — legal and proverbial only: adonde fueres, haz lo que vieres
| yo | viere(should) I see | nosotros | viéremos(should) we see |
| tú | vieres(should) you see | vosotros | viereis(should) you all see |
| él/ella/Ud. | viere(should) he/she see | ellos/Uds. | vieren(should) they see |
Imperativotelling someone to
Imperativo afirmativo
Imperative (do it) — orders and requests; there is no yo form
| yo | — | nosotros | veamoslet's see |
| tú | vesee! | vosotros | vedsee! |
| él/ella/Ud. | veasee! | ellos/Uds. | veansee! |
Imperativo negativo
Imperative (don't) — no + subjunctive — never the affirmative form with no in front
| yo | — | nosotros | no veamoslet's not see |
| tú | no veasdon't see | vosotros | no veáisdon't see |
| él/ella/Ud. | no veadon't see | ellos/Uds. | no veandon't see |
Red = the form breaks the regular pattern. Everything in black you could have worked out from the endings alone.