traducir
to translatePresentewhat is going on now
Presente
Present — what is happening now, and what happens habitually
| yo | traduzcoI translate | nosotros | traducimoswe translate |
| tú | traducesyou translate | vosotros | traducísyou all translate |
| él/ella/Ud. | traducehe/she translates | ellos/Uds. | traducenthey translate |
Pretérito perfecto
Present perfect — have —ed; a past still touching now. Spain: today, this week. Latin America: mostly the indefinido instead
| yo | he traducidoI have translated | nosotros | hemos traducidowe have translated |
| tú | has traducidoyou have translated | vosotros | habéis traducidoyou all have translated |
| él/ella/Ud. | ha traducidohe/she has translated | ellos/Uds. | han traducidothey have translated |
Presente de subjuntivo
Present subjunctive — after que with wishes, doubt, emotion, ojalá
| yo | traduzca(that) I translate | nosotros | traduzcamos(that) we translate |
| tú | traduzcas(that) you translate | vosotros | traduzcáis(that) you all translate |
| él/ella/Ud. | traduzca(that) he/she translates | ellos/Uds. | traduzcan(that) they translate |
Perfecto de subjuntivo
Present perfect subjunctive — have —ed, under doubt or emotion: no creo que haya venido
| yo | haya traducido(that) I have translated | nosotros | hayamos traducido(that) we have translated |
| tú | hayas traducido(that) you have translated | vosotros | hayáis traducido(that) you all have translated |
| él/ella/Ud. | haya traducido(that) he/she has translated | ellos/Uds. | hayan traducido(that) they have translated |
Pasadowhat went on
Pretérito indefinido
Preterite — a finished past action — it started, it ended
| yo | tradujeI translated | nosotros | tradujimoswe translated |
| tú | tradujisteyou translated | vosotros | tradujisteisyou all translated |
| él/ella/Ud. | tradujohe/she translated | ellos/Uds. | tradujeronthey translated |
Pretérito imperfecto
Imperfect — used to / was —ing; background, habits, descriptions
| yo | traducíaI used to translate | nosotros | traducíamoswe used to translate |
| tú | traducíasyou used to translate | vosotros | traducíaisyou all used to translate |
| él/ella/Ud. | traducíahe/she used to translate | ellos/Uds. | traducíanthey used to translate |
Pretérito pluscuamperfecto
Past perfect — had —ed; further back than another past event
| yo | había traducidoI had translated | nosotros | habíamos traducidowe had translated |
| tú | habías traducidoyou had translated | vosotros | habíais traducidoyou all had translated |
| él/ella/Ud. | había traducidohe/she had translated | ellos/Uds. | habían traducidothey had translated |
Imperfecto de subjuntivo (-ra)
Imperfect subjunctive — si clauses and past-tense wishes: si tuviera, quería que fuera
| yo | tradujera(that) I translated | nosotros | tradujéramos(that) we translated |
| tú | tradujeras(that) you translated | vosotros | tradujerais(that) you all translated |
| él/ella/Ud. | tradujera(that) he/she translated | ellos/Uds. | tradujeran(that) they translated |
Imperfecto de subjuntivo (-se)
Imperfect subjunctive — the same tense, second form; commoner in Spain and in writing
| yo | tradujese(that) I translated | nosotros | tradujésemos(that) we translated |
| tú | tradujeses(that) you translated | vosotros | tradujeseis(that) you all translated |
| él/ella/Ud. | tradujese(that) he/she translated | ellos/Uds. | tradujesen(that) they translated |
Pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo
Past perfect subjunctive — had —ed, hypothetically: si hubiera sabido
| yo | hubiera traducido(that) I had translated | nosotros | hubiéramos traducido(that) we had translated |
| tú | hubieras traducido(that) you had translated | vosotros | hubierais traducido(that) you all had translated |
| él/ella/Ud. | hubiera traducido(that) he/she had translated | ellos/Uds. | hubieran traducido(that) they had translated |
Pretérito anterior
Preterite perfect — had —ed, immediately before; literary, all but extinct
| yo | hube traducidoI had translated | nosotros | hubimos traducidowe had translated |
| tú | hubiste traducidoyou had translated | vosotros | hubisteis traducidoyou all had translated |
| él/ella/Ud. | hubo traducidohe/she had translated | ellos/Uds. | hubieron traducidothey had translated |
Futurowhat will or would go on
Futuro simple
Future — will — (spoken Spanish often prefers voy a + infinitivo)
| yo | traduciréI will translate | nosotros | traduciremoswe will translate |
| tú | traducirásyou will translate | vosotros | traduciréisyou all will translate |
| él/ella/Ud. | traduciráhe/she will translate | ellos/Uds. | traduciránthey will translate |
Condicional simple
Conditional — would —; also softens a request into politeness
| yo | traduciríaI would translate | nosotros | traduciríamoswe would translate |
| tú | traduciríasyou would translate | vosotros | traduciríaisyou all would translate |
| él/ella/Ud. | traduciríahe/she would translate | ellos/Uds. | traduciríanthey would translate |
Futuro perfecto
Future perfect — will have —ed; done by some future point
| yo | habré traducidoI will have translated | nosotros | habremos traducidowe will have translated |
| tú | habrás traducidoyou will have translated | vosotros | habréis traducidoyou all will have translated |
| él/ella/Ud. | habrá traducidohe/she will have translated | ellos/Uds. | habrán traducidothey will have translated |
Condicional perfecto
Conditional perfect — would have —ed; the road not taken
| yo | habría traducidoI would have translated | nosotros | habríamos traducidowe would have translated |
| tú | habrías traducidoyou would have translated | vosotros | habríais traducidoyou all would have translated |
| él/ella/Ud. | habría traducidohe/she would have translated | ellos/Uds. | habrían traducidothey would have translated |
Futuro de subjuntivo
Future subjunctive — legal and proverbial only: adonde fueres, haz lo que vieres
| yo | tradujere(should) I translate | nosotros | tradujéremos(should) we translate |
| tú | tradujeres(should) you translate | vosotros | tradujereis(should) you all translate |
| él/ella/Ud. | tradujere(should) he/she translate | ellos/Uds. | tradujeren(should) they translate |
Imperativotelling someone to
Imperativo afirmativo
Imperative (do it) — orders and requests; there is no yo form
| yo | — | nosotros | traduzcamoslet's translate |
| tú | traducetranslate! | vosotros | traducidtranslate! |
| él/ella/Ud. | traduzcatranslate! | ellos/Uds. | traduzcantranslate! |
Imperativo negativo
Imperative (don't) — no + subjunctive — never the affirmative form with no in front
| yo | — | nosotros | no traduzcamoslet's not translate |
| tú | no traduzcasdon't translate | vosotros | no traduzcáisdon't translate |
| él/ella/Ud. | no traduzcadon't translate | ellos/Uds. | no traduzcandon't translate |
Red = the form breaks the regular pattern. Everything in black you could have worked out from the endings alone.