trabajar
to workPresentewhat is going on now
Presente
Present — what is happening now, and what happens habitually
| yo | trabajoI work | nosotros | trabajamoswe work |
| tú | trabajasyou work | vosotros | trabajáisyou all work |
| él/ella/Ud. | trabajahe/she works | ellos/Uds. | trabajanthey work |
Pretérito perfecto
Present perfect — have —ed; a past still touching now. Spain: today, this week. Latin America: mostly the indefinido instead
| yo | he trabajadoI have worked | nosotros | hemos trabajadowe have worked |
| tú | has trabajadoyou have worked | vosotros | habéis trabajadoyou all have worked |
| él/ella/Ud. | ha trabajadohe/she has worked | ellos/Uds. | han trabajadothey have worked |
Presente de subjuntivo
Present subjunctive — after que with wishes, doubt, emotion, ojalá
| yo | trabaje(that) I work | nosotros | trabajemos(that) we work |
| tú | trabajes(that) you work | vosotros | trabajéis(that) you all work |
| él/ella/Ud. | trabaje(that) he/she works | ellos/Uds. | trabajen(that) they work |
Perfecto de subjuntivo
Present perfect subjunctive — have —ed, under doubt or emotion: no creo que haya venido
| yo | haya trabajado(that) I have worked | nosotros | hayamos trabajado(that) we have worked |
| tú | hayas trabajado(that) you have worked | vosotros | hayáis trabajado(that) you all have worked |
| él/ella/Ud. | haya trabajado(that) he/she has worked | ellos/Uds. | hayan trabajado(that) they have worked |
Pasadowhat went on
Pretérito indefinido
Preterite — a finished past action — it started, it ended
| yo | trabajéI worked | nosotros | trabajamoswe worked |
| tú | trabajasteyou worked | vosotros | trabajasteisyou all worked |
| él/ella/Ud. | trabajóhe/she worked | ellos/Uds. | trabajaronthey worked |
Pretérito imperfecto
Imperfect — used to / was —ing; background, habits, descriptions
| yo | trabajabaI used to work | nosotros | trabajábamoswe used to work |
| tú | trabajabasyou used to work | vosotros | trabajabaisyou all used to work |
| él/ella/Ud. | trabajabahe/she used to work | ellos/Uds. | trabajabanthey used to work |
Pretérito pluscuamperfecto
Past perfect — had —ed; further back than another past event
| yo | había trabajadoI had worked | nosotros | habíamos trabajadowe had worked |
| tú | habías trabajadoyou had worked | vosotros | habíais trabajadoyou all had worked |
| él/ella/Ud. | había trabajadohe/she had worked | ellos/Uds. | habían trabajadothey had worked |
Imperfecto de subjuntivo (-ra)
Imperfect subjunctive — si clauses and past-tense wishes: si tuviera, quería que fuera
| yo | trabajara(that) I worked | nosotros | trabajáramos(that) we worked |
| tú | trabajaras(that) you worked | vosotros | trabajarais(that) you all worked |
| él/ella/Ud. | trabajara(that) he/she worked | ellos/Uds. | trabajaran(that) they worked |
Imperfecto de subjuntivo (-se)
Imperfect subjunctive — the same tense, second form; commoner in Spain and in writing
| yo | trabajase(that) I worked | nosotros | trabajásemos(that) we worked |
| tú | trabajases(that) you worked | vosotros | trabajaseis(that) you all worked |
| él/ella/Ud. | trabajase(that) he/she worked | ellos/Uds. | trabajasen(that) they worked |
Pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo
Past perfect subjunctive — had —ed, hypothetically: si hubiera sabido
| yo | hubiera trabajado(that) I had worked | nosotros | hubiéramos trabajado(that) we had worked |
| tú | hubieras trabajado(that) you had worked | vosotros | hubierais trabajado(that) you all had worked |
| él/ella/Ud. | hubiera trabajado(that) he/she had worked | ellos/Uds. | hubieran trabajado(that) they had worked |
Pretérito anterior
Preterite perfect — had —ed, immediately before; literary, all but extinct
| yo | hube trabajadoI had worked | nosotros | hubimos trabajadowe had worked |
| tú | hubiste trabajadoyou had worked | vosotros | hubisteis trabajadoyou all had worked |
| él/ella/Ud. | hubo trabajadohe/she had worked | ellos/Uds. | hubieron trabajadothey had worked |
Futurowhat will or would go on
Futuro simple
Future — will — (spoken Spanish often prefers voy a + infinitivo)
| yo | trabajaréI will work | nosotros | trabajaremoswe will work |
| tú | trabajarásyou will work | vosotros | trabajaréisyou all will work |
| él/ella/Ud. | trabajaráhe/she will work | ellos/Uds. | trabajaránthey will work |
Condicional simple
Conditional — would —; also softens a request into politeness
| yo | trabajaríaI would work | nosotros | trabajaríamoswe would work |
| tú | trabajaríasyou would work | vosotros | trabajaríaisyou all would work |
| él/ella/Ud. | trabajaríahe/she would work | ellos/Uds. | trabajaríanthey would work |
Futuro perfecto
Future perfect — will have —ed; done by some future point
| yo | habré trabajadoI will have worked | nosotros | habremos trabajadowe will have worked |
| tú | habrás trabajadoyou will have worked | vosotros | habréis trabajadoyou all will have worked |
| él/ella/Ud. | habrá trabajadohe/she will have worked | ellos/Uds. | habrán trabajadothey will have worked |
Condicional perfecto
Conditional perfect — would have —ed; the road not taken
| yo | habría trabajadoI would have worked | nosotros | habríamos trabajadowe would have worked |
| tú | habrías trabajadoyou would have worked | vosotros | habríais trabajadoyou all would have worked |
| él/ella/Ud. | habría trabajadohe/she would have worked | ellos/Uds. | habrían trabajadothey would have worked |
Futuro de subjuntivo
Future subjunctive — legal and proverbial only: adonde fueres, haz lo que vieres
| yo | trabajare(should) I work | nosotros | trabajáremos(should) we work |
| tú | trabajares(should) you work | vosotros | trabajareis(should) you all work |
| él/ella/Ud. | trabajare(should) he/she work | ellos/Uds. | trabajaren(should) they work |
Imperativotelling someone to
Imperativo afirmativo
Imperative (do it) — orders and requests; there is no yo form
| yo | — | nosotros | trabajemoslet's work |
| tú | trabajawork! | vosotros | trabajadwork! |
| él/ella/Ud. | trabajework! | ellos/Uds. | trabajenwork! |
Imperativo negativo
Imperative (don't) — no + subjunctive — never the affirmative form with no in front
| yo | — | nosotros | no trabajemoslet's not work |
| tú | no trabajesdon't work | vosotros | no trabajéisdon't work |
| él/ella/Ud. | no trabajedon't work | ellos/Uds. | no trabajendon't work |
