tocar
to touch, to play (music)Presentewhat is going on now
Presente
Present — what is happening now, and what happens habitually
| yo | tocoI touch | nosotros | tocamoswe touch |
| tú | tocasyou touch | vosotros | tocáisyou all touch |
| él/ella/Ud. | tocahe/she touches | ellos/Uds. | tocanthey touch |
Pretérito perfecto
Present perfect — have —ed; a past still touching now. Spain: today, this week. Latin America: mostly the indefinido instead
| yo | he tocadoI have touched | nosotros | hemos tocadowe have touched |
| tú | has tocadoyou have touched | vosotros | habéis tocadoyou all have touched |
| él/ella/Ud. | ha tocadohe/she has touched | ellos/Uds. | han tocadothey have touched |
Presente de subjuntivo
Present subjunctive — after que with wishes, doubt, emotion, ojalá
| yo | toque(that) I touch | nosotros | toquemos(that) we touch |
| tú | toques(that) you touch | vosotros | toquéis(that) you all touch |
| él/ella/Ud. | toque(that) he/she touches | ellos/Uds. | toquen(that) they touch |
Perfecto de subjuntivo
Present perfect subjunctive — have —ed, under doubt or emotion: no creo que haya venido
| yo | haya tocado(that) I have touched | nosotros | hayamos tocado(that) we have touched |
| tú | hayas tocado(that) you have touched | vosotros | hayáis tocado(that) you all have touched |
| él/ella/Ud. | haya tocado(that) he/she has touched | ellos/Uds. | hayan tocado(that) they have touched |
Pasadowhat went on
Pretérito indefinido
Preterite — a finished past action — it started, it ended
| yo | toquéI touched | nosotros | tocamoswe touched |
| tú | tocasteyou touched | vosotros | tocasteisyou all touched |
| él/ella/Ud. | tocóhe/she touched | ellos/Uds. | tocaronthey touched |
Pretérito imperfecto
Imperfect — used to / was —ing; background, habits, descriptions
| yo | tocabaI used to touch | nosotros | tocábamoswe used to touch |
| tú | tocabasyou used to touch | vosotros | tocabaisyou all used to touch |
| él/ella/Ud. | tocabahe/she used to touch | ellos/Uds. | tocabanthey used to touch |
Pretérito pluscuamperfecto
Past perfect — had —ed; further back than another past event
| yo | había tocadoI had touched | nosotros | habíamos tocadowe had touched |
| tú | habías tocadoyou had touched | vosotros | habíais tocadoyou all had touched |
| él/ella/Ud. | había tocadohe/she had touched | ellos/Uds. | habían tocadothey had touched |
Imperfecto de subjuntivo (-ra)
Imperfect subjunctive — si clauses and past-tense wishes: si tuviera, quería que fuera
| yo | tocara(that) I touched | nosotros | tocáramos(that) we touched |
| tú | tocaras(that) you touched | vosotros | tocarais(that) you all touched |
| él/ella/Ud. | tocara(that) he/she touched | ellos/Uds. | tocaran(that) they touched |
Imperfecto de subjuntivo (-se)
Imperfect subjunctive — the same tense, second form; commoner in Spain and in writing
| yo | tocase(that) I touched | nosotros | tocásemos(that) we touched |
| tú | tocases(that) you touched | vosotros | tocaseis(that) you all touched |
| él/ella/Ud. | tocase(that) he/she touched | ellos/Uds. | tocasen(that) they touched |
Pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo
Past perfect subjunctive — had —ed, hypothetically: si hubiera sabido
| yo | hubiera tocado(that) I had touched | nosotros | hubiéramos tocado(that) we had touched |
| tú | hubieras tocado(that) you had touched | vosotros | hubierais tocado(that) you all had touched |
| él/ella/Ud. | hubiera tocado(that) he/she had touched | ellos/Uds. | hubieran tocado(that) they had touched |
Pretérito anterior
Preterite perfect — had —ed, immediately before; literary, all but extinct
| yo | hube tocadoI had touched | nosotros | hubimos tocadowe had touched |
| tú | hubiste tocadoyou had touched | vosotros | hubisteis tocadoyou all had touched |
| él/ella/Ud. | hubo tocadohe/she had touched | ellos/Uds. | hubieron tocadothey had touched |
Futurowhat will or would go on
Futuro simple
Future — will — (spoken Spanish often prefers voy a + infinitivo)
| yo | tocaréI will touch | nosotros | tocaremoswe will touch |
| tú | tocarásyou will touch | vosotros | tocaréisyou all will touch |
| él/ella/Ud. | tocaráhe/she will touch | ellos/Uds. | tocaránthey will touch |
Condicional simple
Conditional — would —; also softens a request into politeness
| yo | tocaríaI would touch | nosotros | tocaríamoswe would touch |
| tú | tocaríasyou would touch | vosotros | tocaríaisyou all would touch |
| él/ella/Ud. | tocaríahe/she would touch | ellos/Uds. | tocaríanthey would touch |
Futuro perfecto
Future perfect — will have —ed; done by some future point
| yo | habré tocadoI will have touched | nosotros | habremos tocadowe will have touched |
| tú | habrás tocadoyou will have touched | vosotros | habréis tocadoyou all will have touched |
| él/ella/Ud. | habrá tocadohe/she will have touched | ellos/Uds. | habrán tocadothey will have touched |
Condicional perfecto
Conditional perfect — would have —ed; the road not taken
| yo | habría tocadoI would have touched | nosotros | habríamos tocadowe would have touched |
| tú | habrías tocadoyou would have touched | vosotros | habríais tocadoyou all would have touched |
| él/ella/Ud. | habría tocadohe/she would have touched | ellos/Uds. | habrían tocadothey would have touched |
Futuro de subjuntivo
Future subjunctive — legal and proverbial only: adonde fueres, haz lo que vieres
| yo | tocare(should) I touch | nosotros | tocáremos(should) we touch |
| tú | tocares(should) you touch | vosotros | tocareis(should) you all touch |
| él/ella/Ud. | tocare(should) he/she touch | ellos/Uds. | tocaren(should) they touch |
Imperativotelling someone to
Imperativo afirmativo
Imperative (do it) — orders and requests; there is no yo form
| yo | — | nosotros | toquemoslet's touch |
| tú | tocatouch! | vosotros | tocadtouch! |
| él/ella/Ud. | toquetouch! | ellos/Uds. | toquentouch! |
Imperativo negativo
Imperative (don't) — no + subjunctive — never the affirmative form with no in front
| yo | — | nosotros | no toquemoslet's not touch |
| tú | no toquesdon't touch | vosotros | no toquéisdon't touch |
| él/ella/Ud. | no toquedon't touch | ellos/Uds. | no toquendon't touch |
