sumar
to add upPresentewhat is going on now
Presente
Present — what is happening now, and what happens habitually
| yo | sumoI add up | nosotros | sumamoswe add up |
| tú | sumasyou add up | vosotros | sumáisyou all add up |
| él/ella/Ud. | sumahe/she adds up | ellos/Uds. | sumanthey add up |
Pretérito perfecto
Present perfect — have —ed; a past still touching now. Spain: today, this week. Latin America: mostly the indefinido instead
| yo | he sumadoI have added up | nosotros | hemos sumadowe have added up |
| tú | has sumadoyou have added up | vosotros | habéis sumadoyou all have added up |
| él/ella/Ud. | ha sumadohe/she has added up | ellos/Uds. | han sumadothey have added up |
Presente de subjuntivo
Present subjunctive — after que with wishes, doubt, emotion, ojalá
| yo | sume(that) I add up | nosotros | sumemos(that) we add up |
| tú | sumes(that) you add up | vosotros | suméis(that) you all add up |
| él/ella/Ud. | sume(that) he/she adds up | ellos/Uds. | sumen(that) they add up |
Perfecto de subjuntivo
Present perfect subjunctive — have —ed, under doubt or emotion: no creo que haya venido
| yo | haya sumado(that) I have added up | nosotros | hayamos sumado(that) we have added up |
| tú | hayas sumado(that) you have added up | vosotros | hayáis sumado(that) you all have added up |
| él/ella/Ud. | haya sumado(that) he/she has added up | ellos/Uds. | hayan sumado(that) they have added up |
Pasadowhat went on
Pretérito indefinido
Preterite — a finished past action — it started, it ended
| yo | suméI added up | nosotros | sumamoswe added up |
| tú | sumasteyou added up | vosotros | sumasteisyou all added up |
| él/ella/Ud. | sumóhe/she added up | ellos/Uds. | sumaronthey added up |
Pretérito imperfecto
Imperfect — used to / was —ing; background, habits, descriptions
| yo | sumabaI used to add up | nosotros | sumábamoswe used to add up |
| tú | sumabasyou used to add up | vosotros | sumabaisyou all used to add up |
| él/ella/Ud. | sumabahe/she used to add up | ellos/Uds. | sumabanthey used to add up |
Pretérito pluscuamperfecto
Past perfect — had —ed; further back than another past event
| yo | había sumadoI had added up | nosotros | habíamos sumadowe had added up |
| tú | habías sumadoyou had added up | vosotros | habíais sumadoyou all had added up |
| él/ella/Ud. | había sumadohe/she had added up | ellos/Uds. | habían sumadothey had added up |
Imperfecto de subjuntivo (-ra)
Imperfect subjunctive — si clauses and past-tense wishes: si tuviera, quería que fuera
| yo | sumara(that) I added up | nosotros | sumáramos(that) we added up |
| tú | sumaras(that) you added up | vosotros | sumarais(that) you all added up |
| él/ella/Ud. | sumara(that) he/she added up | ellos/Uds. | sumaran(that) they added up |
Imperfecto de subjuntivo (-se)
Imperfect subjunctive — the same tense, second form; commoner in Spain and in writing
| yo | sumase(that) I added up | nosotros | sumásemos(that) we added up |
| tú | sumases(that) you added up | vosotros | sumaseis(that) you all added up |
| él/ella/Ud. | sumase(that) he/she added up | ellos/Uds. | sumasen(that) they added up |
Pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo
Past perfect subjunctive — had —ed, hypothetically: si hubiera sabido
| yo | hubiera sumado(that) I had added up | nosotros | hubiéramos sumado(that) we had added up |
| tú | hubieras sumado(that) you had added up | vosotros | hubierais sumado(that) you all had added up |
| él/ella/Ud. | hubiera sumado(that) he/she had added up | ellos/Uds. | hubieran sumado(that) they had added up |
Pretérito anterior
Preterite perfect — had —ed, immediately before; literary, all but extinct
| yo | hube sumadoI had added up | nosotros | hubimos sumadowe had added up |
| tú | hubiste sumadoyou had added up | vosotros | hubisteis sumadoyou all had added up |
| él/ella/Ud. | hubo sumadohe/she had added up | ellos/Uds. | hubieron sumadothey had added up |
Futurowhat will or would go on
Futuro simple
Future — will — (spoken Spanish often prefers voy a + infinitivo)
| yo | sumaréI will add up | nosotros | sumaremoswe will add up |
| tú | sumarásyou will add up | vosotros | sumaréisyou all will add up |
| él/ella/Ud. | sumaráhe/she will add up | ellos/Uds. | sumaránthey will add up |
Condicional simple
Conditional — would —; also softens a request into politeness
| yo | sumaríaI would add up | nosotros | sumaríamoswe would add up |
| tú | sumaríasyou would add up | vosotros | sumaríaisyou all would add up |
| él/ella/Ud. | sumaríahe/she would add up | ellos/Uds. | sumaríanthey would add up |
Futuro perfecto
Future perfect — will have —ed; done by some future point
| yo | habré sumadoI will have added up | nosotros | habremos sumadowe will have added up |
| tú | habrás sumadoyou will have added up | vosotros | habréis sumadoyou all will have added up |
| él/ella/Ud. | habrá sumadohe/she will have added up | ellos/Uds. | habrán sumadothey will have added up |
Condicional perfecto
Conditional perfect — would have —ed; the road not taken
| yo | habría sumadoI would have added up | nosotros | habríamos sumadowe would have added up |
| tú | habrías sumadoyou would have added up | vosotros | habríais sumadoyou all would have added up |
| él/ella/Ud. | habría sumadohe/she would have added up | ellos/Uds. | habrían sumadothey would have added up |
Futuro de subjuntivo
Future subjunctive — legal and proverbial only: adonde fueres, haz lo que vieres
| yo | sumare(should) I add up | nosotros | sumáremos(should) we add up |
| tú | sumares(should) you add up | vosotros | sumareis(should) you all add up |
| él/ella/Ud. | sumare(should) he/she add up | ellos/Uds. | sumaren(should) they add up |
Imperativotelling someone to
Imperativo afirmativo
Imperative (do it) — orders and requests; there is no yo form
| yo | — | nosotros | sumemoslet's add up |
| tú | sumaadd up! | vosotros | sumadadd up! |
| él/ella/Ud. | sumeadd up! | ellos/Uds. | sumenadd up! |
Imperativo negativo
Imperative (don't) — no + subjunctive — never the affirmative form with no in front
| yo | — | nosotros | no sumemoslet's not add up |
| tú | no sumesdon't add up | vosotros | no suméisdon't add up |
| él/ella/Ud. | no sumedon't add up | ellos/Uds. | no sumendon't add up |
