servir
to servePresentewhat is going on now
Presente
Present — what is happening now, and what happens habitually
| yo | sirvoI serve | nosotros | servimoswe serve |
| tú | sirvesyou serve | vosotros | servísyou all serve |
| él/ella/Ud. | sirvehe/she serves | ellos/Uds. | sirventhey serve |
Pretérito perfecto
Present perfect — have —ed; a past still touching now. Spain: today, this week. Latin America: mostly the indefinido instead
| yo | he servidoI have served | nosotros | hemos servidowe have served |
| tú | has servidoyou have served | vosotros | habéis servidoyou all have served |
| él/ella/Ud. | ha servidohe/she has served | ellos/Uds. | han servidothey have served |
Presente de subjuntivo
Present subjunctive — after que with wishes, doubt, emotion, ojalá
| yo | sirva(that) I serve | nosotros | sirvamos(that) we serve |
| tú | sirvas(that) you serve | vosotros | sirváis(that) you all serve |
| él/ella/Ud. | sirva(that) he/she serves | ellos/Uds. | sirvan(that) they serve |
Perfecto de subjuntivo
Present perfect subjunctive — have —ed, under doubt or emotion: no creo que haya venido
| yo | haya servido(that) I have served | nosotros | hayamos servido(that) we have served |
| tú | hayas servido(that) you have served | vosotros | hayáis servido(that) you all have served |
| él/ella/Ud. | haya servido(that) he/she has served | ellos/Uds. | hayan servido(that) they have served |
Pasadowhat went on
Pretérito indefinido
Preterite — a finished past action — it started, it ended
| yo | servíI served | nosotros | servimoswe served |
| tú | servisteyou served | vosotros | servisteisyou all served |
| él/ella/Ud. | sirvióhe/she served | ellos/Uds. | sirvieronthey served |
Pretérito imperfecto
Imperfect — used to / was —ing; background, habits, descriptions
| yo | servíaI used to serve | nosotros | servíamoswe used to serve |
| tú | servíasyou used to serve | vosotros | servíaisyou all used to serve |
| él/ella/Ud. | servíahe/she used to serve | ellos/Uds. | servíanthey used to serve |
Pretérito pluscuamperfecto
Past perfect — had —ed; further back than another past event
| yo | había servidoI had served | nosotros | habíamos servidowe had served |
| tú | habías servidoyou had served | vosotros | habíais servidoyou all had served |
| él/ella/Ud. | había servidohe/she had served | ellos/Uds. | habían servidothey had served |
Imperfecto de subjuntivo (-ra)
Imperfect subjunctive — si clauses and past-tense wishes: si tuviera, quería que fuera
| yo | sirviera(that) I served | nosotros | sirviéramos(that) we served |
| tú | sirvieras(that) you served | vosotros | sirvierais(that) you all served |
| él/ella/Ud. | sirviera(that) he/she served | ellos/Uds. | sirvieran(that) they served |
Imperfecto de subjuntivo (-se)
Imperfect subjunctive — the same tense, second form; commoner in Spain and in writing
| yo | sirviese(that) I served | nosotros | sirviésemos(that) we served |
| tú | sirvieses(that) you served | vosotros | sirvieseis(that) you all served |
| él/ella/Ud. | sirviese(that) he/she served | ellos/Uds. | sirviesen(that) they served |
Pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo
Past perfect subjunctive — had —ed, hypothetically: si hubiera sabido
| yo | hubiera servido(that) I had served | nosotros | hubiéramos servido(that) we had served |
| tú | hubieras servido(that) you had served | vosotros | hubierais servido(that) you all had served |
| él/ella/Ud. | hubiera servido(that) he/she had served | ellos/Uds. | hubieran servido(that) they had served |
Pretérito anterior
Preterite perfect — had —ed, immediately before; literary, all but extinct
| yo | hube servidoI had served | nosotros | hubimos servidowe had served |
| tú | hubiste servidoyou had served | vosotros | hubisteis servidoyou all had served |
| él/ella/Ud. | hubo servidohe/she had served | ellos/Uds. | hubieron servidothey had served |
Futurowhat will or would go on
Futuro simple
Future — will — (spoken Spanish often prefers voy a + infinitivo)
| yo | serviréI will serve | nosotros | serviremoswe will serve |
| tú | servirásyou will serve | vosotros | serviréisyou all will serve |
| él/ella/Ud. | serviráhe/she will serve | ellos/Uds. | serviránthey will serve |
Condicional simple
Conditional — would —; also softens a request into politeness
| yo | serviríaI would serve | nosotros | serviríamoswe would serve |
| tú | serviríasyou would serve | vosotros | serviríaisyou all would serve |
| él/ella/Ud. | serviríahe/she would serve | ellos/Uds. | serviríanthey would serve |
Futuro perfecto
Future perfect — will have —ed; done by some future point
| yo | habré servidoI will have served | nosotros | habremos servidowe will have served |
| tú | habrás servidoyou will have served | vosotros | habréis servidoyou all will have served |
| él/ella/Ud. | habrá servidohe/she will have served | ellos/Uds. | habrán servidothey will have served |
Condicional perfecto
Conditional perfect — would have —ed; the road not taken
| yo | habría servidoI would have served | nosotros | habríamos servidowe would have served |
| tú | habrías servidoyou would have served | vosotros | habríais servidoyou all would have served |
| él/ella/Ud. | habría servidohe/she would have served | ellos/Uds. | habrían servidothey would have served |
Futuro de subjuntivo
Future subjunctive — legal and proverbial only: adonde fueres, haz lo que vieres
| yo | sirviere(should) I serve | nosotros | sirviéremos(should) we serve |
| tú | sirvieres(should) you serve | vosotros | sirviereis(should) you all serve |
| él/ella/Ud. | sirviere(should) he/she serve | ellos/Uds. | sirvieren(should) they serve |
Imperativotelling someone to
Imperativo afirmativo
Imperative (do it) — orders and requests; there is no yo form
| yo | — | nosotros | sirvamoslet's serve |
| tú | sirveserve! | vosotros | servidserve! |
| él/ella/Ud. | sirvaserve! | ellos/Uds. | sirvanserve! |
Imperativo negativo
Imperative (don't) — no + subjunctive — never the affirmative form with no in front
| yo | — | nosotros | no sirvamoslet's not serve |
| tú | no sirvasdon't serve | vosotros | no sirváisdon't serve |
| él/ella/Ud. | no sirvadon't serve | ellos/Uds. | no sirvandon't serve |
Red = the form breaks the regular pattern. Everything in black you could have worked out from the endings alone.