saludar
to greetPresentewhat is going on now
Presente
Present — what is happening now, and what happens habitually
| yo | saludoI greet | nosotros | saludamoswe greet |
| tú | saludasyou greet | vosotros | saludáisyou all greet |
| él/ella/Ud. | saludahe/she greets | ellos/Uds. | saludanthey greet |
Pretérito perfecto
Present perfect — have —ed; a past still touching now. Spain: today, this week. Latin America: mostly the indefinido instead
| yo | he saludadoI have greeted | nosotros | hemos saludadowe have greeted |
| tú | has saludadoyou have greeted | vosotros | habéis saludadoyou all have greeted |
| él/ella/Ud. | ha saludadohe/she has greeted | ellos/Uds. | han saludadothey have greeted |
Presente de subjuntivo
Present subjunctive — after que with wishes, doubt, emotion, ojalá
| yo | salude(that) I greet | nosotros | saludemos(that) we greet |
| tú | saludes(that) you greet | vosotros | saludéis(that) you all greet |
| él/ella/Ud. | salude(that) he/she greets | ellos/Uds. | saluden(that) they greet |
Perfecto de subjuntivo
Present perfect subjunctive — have —ed, under doubt or emotion: no creo que haya venido
| yo | haya saludado(that) I have greeted | nosotros | hayamos saludado(that) we have greeted |
| tú | hayas saludado(that) you have greeted | vosotros | hayáis saludado(that) you all have greeted |
| él/ella/Ud. | haya saludado(that) he/she has greeted | ellos/Uds. | hayan saludado(that) they have greeted |
Pasadowhat went on
Pretérito indefinido
Preterite — a finished past action — it started, it ended
| yo | saludéI greeted | nosotros | saludamoswe greeted |
| tú | saludasteyou greeted | vosotros | saludasteisyou all greeted |
| él/ella/Ud. | saludóhe/she greeted | ellos/Uds. | saludaronthey greeted |
Pretérito imperfecto
Imperfect — used to / was —ing; background, habits, descriptions
| yo | saludabaI used to greet | nosotros | saludábamoswe used to greet |
| tú | saludabasyou used to greet | vosotros | saludabaisyou all used to greet |
| él/ella/Ud. | saludabahe/she used to greet | ellos/Uds. | saludabanthey used to greet |
Pretérito pluscuamperfecto
Past perfect — had —ed; further back than another past event
| yo | había saludadoI had greeted | nosotros | habíamos saludadowe had greeted |
| tú | habías saludadoyou had greeted | vosotros | habíais saludadoyou all had greeted |
| él/ella/Ud. | había saludadohe/she had greeted | ellos/Uds. | habían saludadothey had greeted |
Imperfecto de subjuntivo (-ra)
Imperfect subjunctive — si clauses and past-tense wishes: si tuviera, quería que fuera
| yo | saludara(that) I greeted | nosotros | saludáramos(that) we greeted |
| tú | saludaras(that) you greeted | vosotros | saludarais(that) you all greeted |
| él/ella/Ud. | saludara(that) he/she greeted | ellos/Uds. | saludaran(that) they greeted |
Imperfecto de subjuntivo (-se)
Imperfect subjunctive — the same tense, second form; commoner in Spain and in writing
| yo | saludase(that) I greeted | nosotros | saludásemos(that) we greeted |
| tú | saludases(that) you greeted | vosotros | saludaseis(that) you all greeted |
| él/ella/Ud. | saludase(that) he/she greeted | ellos/Uds. | saludasen(that) they greeted |
Pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo
Past perfect subjunctive — had —ed, hypothetically: si hubiera sabido
| yo | hubiera saludado(that) I had greeted | nosotros | hubiéramos saludado(that) we had greeted |
| tú | hubieras saludado(that) you had greeted | vosotros | hubierais saludado(that) you all had greeted |
| él/ella/Ud. | hubiera saludado(that) he/she had greeted | ellos/Uds. | hubieran saludado(that) they had greeted |
Pretérito anterior
Preterite perfect — had —ed, immediately before; literary, all but extinct
| yo | hube saludadoI had greeted | nosotros | hubimos saludadowe had greeted |
| tú | hubiste saludadoyou had greeted | vosotros | hubisteis saludadoyou all had greeted |
| él/ella/Ud. | hubo saludadohe/she had greeted | ellos/Uds. | hubieron saludadothey had greeted |
Futurowhat will or would go on
Futuro simple
Future — will — (spoken Spanish often prefers voy a + infinitivo)
| yo | saludaréI will greet | nosotros | saludaremoswe will greet |
| tú | saludarásyou will greet | vosotros | saludaréisyou all will greet |
| él/ella/Ud. | saludaráhe/she will greet | ellos/Uds. | saludaránthey will greet |
Condicional simple
Conditional — would —; also softens a request into politeness
| yo | saludaríaI would greet | nosotros | saludaríamoswe would greet |
| tú | saludaríasyou would greet | vosotros | saludaríaisyou all would greet |
| él/ella/Ud. | saludaríahe/she would greet | ellos/Uds. | saludaríanthey would greet |
Futuro perfecto
Future perfect — will have —ed; done by some future point
| yo | habré saludadoI will have greeted | nosotros | habremos saludadowe will have greeted |
| tú | habrás saludadoyou will have greeted | vosotros | habréis saludadoyou all will have greeted |
| él/ella/Ud. | habrá saludadohe/she will have greeted | ellos/Uds. | habrán saludadothey will have greeted |
Condicional perfecto
Conditional perfect — would have —ed; the road not taken
| yo | habría saludadoI would have greeted | nosotros | habríamos saludadowe would have greeted |
| tú | habrías saludadoyou would have greeted | vosotros | habríais saludadoyou all would have greeted |
| él/ella/Ud. | habría saludadohe/she would have greeted | ellos/Uds. | habrían saludadothey would have greeted |
Futuro de subjuntivo
Future subjunctive — legal and proverbial only: adonde fueres, haz lo que vieres
| yo | saludare(should) I greet | nosotros | saludáremos(should) we greet |
| tú | saludares(should) you greet | vosotros | saludareis(should) you all greet |
| él/ella/Ud. | saludare(should) he/she greet | ellos/Uds. | saludaren(should) they greet |
Imperativotelling someone to
Imperativo afirmativo
Imperative (do it) — orders and requests; there is no yo form
| yo | — | nosotros | saludemoslet's greet |
| tú | saludagreet! | vosotros | saludadgreet! |
| él/ella/Ud. | saludegreet! | ellos/Uds. | saludengreet! |
Imperativo negativo
Imperative (don't) — no + subjunctive — never the affirmative form with no in front
| yo | — | nosotros | no saludemoslet's not greet |
| tú | no saludesdon't greet | vosotros | no saludéisdon't greet |
| él/ella/Ud. | no saludedon't greet | ellos/Uds. | no saludendon't greet |
