romper
to breakPresentewhat is going on now
Presente
Present — what is happening now, and what happens habitually
| yo | rompoI break | nosotros | rompemoswe break |
| tú | rompesyou break | vosotros | rompéisyou all break |
| él/ella/Ud. | rompehe/she breaks | ellos/Uds. | rompenthey break |
Pretérito perfecto
Present perfect — have —ed; a past still touching now. Spain: today, this week. Latin America: mostly the indefinido instead
| yo | he rotoI have broken | nosotros | hemos rotowe have broken |
| tú | has rotoyou have broken | vosotros | habéis rotoyou all have broken |
| él/ella/Ud. | ha rotohe/she has broken | ellos/Uds. | han rotothey have broken |
Presente de subjuntivo
Present subjunctive — after que with wishes, doubt, emotion, ojalá
| yo | rompa(that) I break | nosotros | rompamos(that) we break |
| tú | rompas(that) you break | vosotros | rompáis(that) you all break |
| él/ella/Ud. | rompa(that) he/she breaks | ellos/Uds. | rompan(that) they break |
Perfecto de subjuntivo
Present perfect subjunctive — have —ed, under doubt or emotion: no creo que haya venido
| yo | haya roto(that) I have broken | nosotros | hayamos roto(that) we have broken |
| tú | hayas roto(that) you have broken | vosotros | hayáis roto(that) you all have broken |
| él/ella/Ud. | haya roto(that) he/she has broken | ellos/Uds. | hayan roto(that) they have broken |
Pasadowhat went on
Pretérito indefinido
Preterite — a finished past action — it started, it ended
| yo | rompíI broke | nosotros | rompimoswe broke |
| tú | rompisteyou broke | vosotros | rompisteisyou all broke |
| él/ella/Ud. | rompióhe/she broke | ellos/Uds. | rompieronthey broke |
Pretérito imperfecto
Imperfect — used to / was —ing; background, habits, descriptions
| yo | rompíaI used to break | nosotros | rompíamoswe used to break |
| tú | rompíasyou used to break | vosotros | rompíaisyou all used to break |
| él/ella/Ud. | rompíahe/she used to break | ellos/Uds. | rompíanthey used to break |
Pretérito pluscuamperfecto
Past perfect — had —ed; further back than another past event
| yo | había rotoI had broken | nosotros | habíamos rotowe had broken |
| tú | habías rotoyou had broken | vosotros | habíais rotoyou all had broken |
| él/ella/Ud. | había rotohe/she had broken | ellos/Uds. | habían rotothey had broken |
Imperfecto de subjuntivo (-ra)
Imperfect subjunctive — si clauses and past-tense wishes: si tuviera, quería que fuera
| yo | rompiera(that) I broke | nosotros | rompiéramos(that) we broke |
| tú | rompieras(that) you broke | vosotros | rompierais(that) you all broke |
| él/ella/Ud. | rompiera(that) he/she broke | ellos/Uds. | rompieran(that) they broke |
Imperfecto de subjuntivo (-se)
Imperfect subjunctive — the same tense, second form; commoner in Spain and in writing
| yo | rompiese(that) I broke | nosotros | rompiésemos(that) we broke |
| tú | rompieses(that) you broke | vosotros | rompieseis(that) you all broke |
| él/ella/Ud. | rompiese(that) he/she broke | ellos/Uds. | rompiesen(that) they broke |
Pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo
Past perfect subjunctive — had —ed, hypothetically: si hubiera sabido
| yo | hubiera roto(that) I had broken | nosotros | hubiéramos roto(that) we had broken |
| tú | hubieras roto(that) you had broken | vosotros | hubierais roto(that) you all had broken |
| él/ella/Ud. | hubiera roto(that) he/she had broken | ellos/Uds. | hubieran roto(that) they had broken |
Pretérito anterior
Preterite perfect — had —ed, immediately before; literary, all but extinct
| yo | hube rotoI had broken | nosotros | hubimos rotowe had broken |
| tú | hubiste rotoyou had broken | vosotros | hubisteis rotoyou all had broken |
| él/ella/Ud. | hubo rotohe/she had broken | ellos/Uds. | hubieron rotothey had broken |
Futurowhat will or would go on
Futuro simple
Future — will — (spoken Spanish often prefers voy a + infinitivo)
| yo | romperéI will break | nosotros | romperemoswe will break |
| tú | romperásyou will break | vosotros | romperéisyou all will break |
| él/ella/Ud. | romperáhe/she will break | ellos/Uds. | romperánthey will break |
Condicional simple
Conditional — would —; also softens a request into politeness
| yo | romperíaI would break | nosotros | romperíamoswe would break |
| tú | romperíasyou would break | vosotros | romperíaisyou all would break |
| él/ella/Ud. | romperíahe/she would break | ellos/Uds. | romperíanthey would break |
Futuro perfecto
Future perfect — will have —ed; done by some future point
| yo | habré rotoI will have broken | nosotros | habremos rotowe will have broken |
| tú | habrás rotoyou will have broken | vosotros | habréis rotoyou all will have broken |
| él/ella/Ud. | habrá rotohe/she will have broken | ellos/Uds. | habrán rotothey will have broken |
Condicional perfecto
Conditional perfect — would have —ed; the road not taken
| yo | habría rotoI would have broken | nosotros | habríamos rotowe would have broken |
| tú | habrías rotoyou would have broken | vosotros | habríais rotoyou all would have broken |
| él/ella/Ud. | habría rotohe/she would have broken | ellos/Uds. | habrían rotothey would have broken |
Futuro de subjuntivo
Future subjunctive — legal and proverbial only: adonde fueres, haz lo que vieres
| yo | rompiere(should) I break | nosotros | rompiéremos(should) we break |
| tú | rompieres(should) you break | vosotros | rompiereis(should) you all break |
| él/ella/Ud. | rompiere(should) he/she break | ellos/Uds. | rompieren(should) they break |
Imperativotelling someone to
Imperativo afirmativo
Imperative (do it) — orders and requests; there is no yo form
| yo | — | nosotros | rompamoslet's break |
| tú | rompebreak! | vosotros | rompedbreak! |
| él/ella/Ud. | rompabreak! | ellos/Uds. | rompanbreak! |
Imperativo negativo
Imperative (don't) — no + subjunctive — never the affirmative form with no in front
| yo | — | nosotros | no rompamoslet's not break |
| tú | no rompasdon't break | vosotros | no rompáisdon't break |
| él/ella/Ud. | no rompadon't break | ellos/Uds. | no rompandon't break |
Red = the form breaks the regular pattern. Everything in black you could have worked out from the endings alone.