oír
to hearPresentewhat is going on now
Presente
Present — what is happening now, and what happens habitually
| yo | oigoI hear | nosotros | oímoswe hear |
| tú | oyesyou hear | vosotros | oísyou all hear |
| él/ella/Ud. | oyehe/she hears | ellos/Uds. | oyenthey hear |
Pretérito perfecto
Present perfect — have —ed; a past still touching now. Spain: today, this week. Latin America: mostly the indefinido instead
| yo | he oídoI have heard | nosotros | hemos oídowe have heard |
| tú | has oídoyou have heard | vosotros | habéis oídoyou all have heard |
| él/ella/Ud. | ha oídohe/she has heard | ellos/Uds. | han oídothey have heard |
Presente de subjuntivo
Present subjunctive — after que with wishes, doubt, emotion, ojalá
| yo | oiga(that) I hear | nosotros | oigamos(that) we hear |
| tú | oigas(that) you hear | vosotros | oigáis(that) you all hear |
| él/ella/Ud. | oiga(that) he/she hears | ellos/Uds. | oigan(that) they hear |
Perfecto de subjuntivo
Present perfect subjunctive — have —ed, under doubt or emotion: no creo que haya venido
| yo | haya oído(that) I have heard | nosotros | hayamos oído(that) we have heard |
| tú | hayas oído(that) you have heard | vosotros | hayáis oído(that) you all have heard |
| él/ella/Ud. | haya oído(that) he/she has heard | ellos/Uds. | hayan oído(that) they have heard |
Pasadowhat went on
Pretérito indefinido
Preterite — a finished past action — it started, it ended
| yo | oíI heard | nosotros | oímoswe heard |
| tú | oísteyou heard | vosotros | oísteisyou all heard |
| él/ella/Ud. | oyóhe/she heard | ellos/Uds. | oyeronthey heard |
Pretérito imperfecto
Imperfect — used to / was —ing; background, habits, descriptions
| yo | oíaI used to hear | nosotros | oíamoswe used to hear |
| tú | oíasyou used to hear | vosotros | oíaisyou all used to hear |
| él/ella/Ud. | oíahe/she used to hear | ellos/Uds. | oíanthey used to hear |
Pretérito pluscuamperfecto
Past perfect — had —ed; further back than another past event
| yo | había oídoI had heard | nosotros | habíamos oídowe had heard |
| tú | habías oídoyou had heard | vosotros | habíais oídoyou all had heard |
| él/ella/Ud. | había oídohe/she had heard | ellos/Uds. | habían oídothey had heard |
Imperfecto de subjuntivo (-ra)
Imperfect subjunctive — si clauses and past-tense wishes: si tuviera, quería que fuera
| yo | oyera(that) I heard | nosotros | oyéramos(that) we heard |
| tú | oyeras(that) you heard | vosotros | oyerais(that) you all heard |
| él/ella/Ud. | oyera(that) he/she heard | ellos/Uds. | oyeran(that) they heard |
Imperfecto de subjuntivo (-se)
Imperfect subjunctive — the same tense, second form; commoner in Spain and in writing
| yo | oyese(that) I heard | nosotros | oyésemos(that) we heard |
| tú | oyeses(that) you heard | vosotros | oyeseis(that) you all heard |
| él/ella/Ud. | oyese(that) he/she heard | ellos/Uds. | oyesen(that) they heard |
Pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo
Past perfect subjunctive — had —ed, hypothetically: si hubiera sabido
| yo | hubiera oído(that) I had heard | nosotros | hubiéramos oído(that) we had heard |
| tú | hubieras oído(that) you had heard | vosotros | hubierais oído(that) you all had heard |
| él/ella/Ud. | hubiera oído(that) he/she had heard | ellos/Uds. | hubieran oído(that) they had heard |
Pretérito anterior
Preterite perfect — had —ed, immediately before; literary, all but extinct
| yo | hube oídoI had heard | nosotros | hubimos oídowe had heard |
| tú | hubiste oídoyou had heard | vosotros | hubisteis oídoyou all had heard |
| él/ella/Ud. | hubo oídohe/she had heard | ellos/Uds. | hubieron oídothey had heard |
Futurowhat will or would go on
Futuro simple
Future — will — (spoken Spanish often prefers voy a + infinitivo)
| yo | oiréI will hear | nosotros | oiremoswe will hear |
| tú | oirásyou will hear | vosotros | oiréisyou all will hear |
| él/ella/Ud. | oiráhe/she will hear | ellos/Uds. | oiránthey will hear |
Condicional simple
Conditional — would —; also softens a request into politeness
| yo | oiríaI would hear | nosotros | oiríamoswe would hear |
| tú | oiríasyou would hear | vosotros | oiríaisyou all would hear |
| él/ella/Ud. | oiríahe/she would hear | ellos/Uds. | oiríanthey would hear |
Futuro perfecto
Future perfect — will have —ed; done by some future point
| yo | habré oídoI will have heard | nosotros | habremos oídowe will have heard |
| tú | habrás oídoyou will have heard | vosotros | habréis oídoyou all will have heard |
| él/ella/Ud. | habrá oídohe/she will have heard | ellos/Uds. | habrán oídothey will have heard |
Condicional perfecto
Conditional perfect — would have —ed; the road not taken
| yo | habría oídoI would have heard | nosotros | habríamos oídowe would have heard |
| tú | habrías oídoyou would have heard | vosotros | habríais oídoyou all would have heard |
| él/ella/Ud. | habría oídohe/she would have heard | ellos/Uds. | habrían oídothey would have heard |
Futuro de subjuntivo
Future subjunctive — legal and proverbial only: adonde fueres, haz lo que vieres
| yo | oyere(should) I hear | nosotros | oyéremos(should) we hear |
| tú | oyeres(should) you hear | vosotros | oyereis(should) you all hear |
| él/ella/Ud. | oyere(should) he/she hear | ellos/Uds. | oyeren(should) they hear |
Imperativotelling someone to
Imperativo afirmativo
Imperative (do it) — orders and requests; there is no yo form
| yo | — | nosotros | oigamoslet's hear |
| tú | oyehear! | vosotros | oídhear! |
| él/ella/Ud. | oigahear! | ellos/Uds. | oiganhear! |
Imperativo negativo
Imperative (don't) — no + subjunctive — never the affirmative form with no in front
| yo | — | nosotros | no oigamoslet's not hear |
| tú | no oigasdon't hear | vosotros | no oigáisdon't hear |
| él/ella/Ud. | no oigadon't hear | ellos/Uds. | no oigandon't hear |
Red = the form breaks the regular pattern. Everything in black you could have worked out from the endings alone.