lanzar
to throw, to launchPresentewhat is going on now
Presente
Present — what is happening now, and what happens habitually
| yo | lanzoI throw | nosotros | lanzamoswe throw |
| tú | lanzasyou throw | vosotros | lanzáisyou all throw |
| él/ella/Ud. | lanzahe/she throws | ellos/Uds. | lanzanthey throw |
Pretérito perfecto
Present perfect — have —ed; a past still touching now. Spain: today, this week. Latin America: mostly the indefinido instead
| yo | he lanzadoI have thrown | nosotros | hemos lanzadowe have thrown |
| tú | has lanzadoyou have thrown | vosotros | habéis lanzadoyou all have thrown |
| él/ella/Ud. | ha lanzadohe/she has thrown | ellos/Uds. | han lanzadothey have thrown |
Presente de subjuntivo
Present subjunctive — after que with wishes, doubt, emotion, ojalá
| yo | lance(that) I throw | nosotros | lancemos(that) we throw |
| tú | lances(that) you throw | vosotros | lancéis(that) you all throw |
| él/ella/Ud. | lance(that) he/she throws | ellos/Uds. | lancen(that) they throw |
Perfecto de subjuntivo
Present perfect subjunctive — have —ed, under doubt or emotion: no creo que haya venido
| yo | haya lanzado(that) I have thrown | nosotros | hayamos lanzado(that) we have thrown |
| tú | hayas lanzado(that) you have thrown | vosotros | hayáis lanzado(that) you all have thrown |
| él/ella/Ud. | haya lanzado(that) he/she has thrown | ellos/Uds. | hayan lanzado(that) they have thrown |
Pasadowhat went on
Pretérito indefinido
Preterite — a finished past action — it started, it ended
| yo | lancéI threw | nosotros | lanzamoswe threw |
| tú | lanzasteyou threw | vosotros | lanzasteisyou all threw |
| él/ella/Ud. | lanzóhe/she threw | ellos/Uds. | lanzaronthey threw |
Pretérito imperfecto
Imperfect — used to / was —ing; background, habits, descriptions
| yo | lanzabaI used to throw | nosotros | lanzábamoswe used to throw |
| tú | lanzabasyou used to throw | vosotros | lanzabaisyou all used to throw |
| él/ella/Ud. | lanzabahe/she used to throw | ellos/Uds. | lanzabanthey used to throw |
Pretérito pluscuamperfecto
Past perfect — had —ed; further back than another past event
| yo | había lanzadoI had thrown | nosotros | habíamos lanzadowe had thrown |
| tú | habías lanzadoyou had thrown | vosotros | habíais lanzadoyou all had thrown |
| él/ella/Ud. | había lanzadohe/she had thrown | ellos/Uds. | habían lanzadothey had thrown |
Imperfecto de subjuntivo (-ra)
Imperfect subjunctive — si clauses and past-tense wishes: si tuviera, quería que fuera
| yo | lanzara(that) I threw | nosotros | lanzáramos(that) we threw |
| tú | lanzaras(that) you threw | vosotros | lanzarais(that) you all threw |
| él/ella/Ud. | lanzara(that) he/she threw | ellos/Uds. | lanzaran(that) they threw |
Imperfecto de subjuntivo (-se)
Imperfect subjunctive — the same tense, second form; commoner in Spain and in writing
| yo | lanzase(that) I threw | nosotros | lanzásemos(that) we threw |
| tú | lanzases(that) you threw | vosotros | lanzaseis(that) you all threw |
| él/ella/Ud. | lanzase(that) he/she threw | ellos/Uds. | lanzasen(that) they threw |
Pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo
Past perfect subjunctive — had —ed, hypothetically: si hubiera sabido
| yo | hubiera lanzado(that) I had thrown | nosotros | hubiéramos lanzado(that) we had thrown |
| tú | hubieras lanzado(that) you had thrown | vosotros | hubierais lanzado(that) you all had thrown |
| él/ella/Ud. | hubiera lanzado(that) he/she had thrown | ellos/Uds. | hubieran lanzado(that) they had thrown |
Pretérito anterior
Preterite perfect — had —ed, immediately before; literary, all but extinct
| yo | hube lanzadoI had thrown | nosotros | hubimos lanzadowe had thrown |
| tú | hubiste lanzadoyou had thrown | vosotros | hubisteis lanzadoyou all had thrown |
| él/ella/Ud. | hubo lanzadohe/she had thrown | ellos/Uds. | hubieron lanzadothey had thrown |
Futurowhat will or would go on
Futuro simple
Future — will — (spoken Spanish often prefers voy a + infinitivo)
| yo | lanzaréI will throw | nosotros | lanzaremoswe will throw |
| tú | lanzarásyou will throw | vosotros | lanzaréisyou all will throw |
| él/ella/Ud. | lanzaráhe/she will throw | ellos/Uds. | lanzaránthey will throw |
Condicional simple
Conditional — would —; also softens a request into politeness
| yo | lanzaríaI would throw | nosotros | lanzaríamoswe would throw |
| tú | lanzaríasyou would throw | vosotros | lanzaríaisyou all would throw |
| él/ella/Ud. | lanzaríahe/she would throw | ellos/Uds. | lanzaríanthey would throw |
Futuro perfecto
Future perfect — will have —ed; done by some future point
| yo | habré lanzadoI will have thrown | nosotros | habremos lanzadowe will have thrown |
| tú | habrás lanzadoyou will have thrown | vosotros | habréis lanzadoyou all will have thrown |
| él/ella/Ud. | habrá lanzadohe/she will have thrown | ellos/Uds. | habrán lanzadothey will have thrown |
Condicional perfecto
Conditional perfect — would have —ed; the road not taken
| yo | habría lanzadoI would have thrown | nosotros | habríamos lanzadowe would have thrown |
| tú | habrías lanzadoyou would have thrown | vosotros | habríais lanzadoyou all would have thrown |
| él/ella/Ud. | habría lanzadohe/she would have thrown | ellos/Uds. | habrían lanzadothey would have thrown |
Futuro de subjuntivo
Future subjunctive — legal and proverbial only: adonde fueres, haz lo que vieres
| yo | lanzare(should) I throw | nosotros | lanzáremos(should) we throw |
| tú | lanzares(should) you throw | vosotros | lanzareis(should) you all throw |
| él/ella/Ud. | lanzare(should) he/she throw | ellos/Uds. | lanzaren(should) they throw |
Imperativotelling someone to
Imperativo afirmativo
Imperative (do it) — orders and requests; there is no yo form
| yo | — | nosotros | lancemoslet's throw |
| tú | lanzathrow! | vosotros | lanzadthrow! |
| él/ella/Ud. | lancethrow! | ellos/Uds. | lancenthrow! |
Imperativo negativo
Imperative (don't) — no + subjunctive — never the affirmative form with no in front
| yo | — | nosotros | no lancemoslet's not throw |
| tú | no lancesdon't throw | vosotros | no lancéisdon't throw |
| él/ella/Ud. | no lancedon't throw | ellos/Uds. | no lancendon't throw |
