juzgar
to judgePresentewhat is going on now
Presente
Present — what is happening now, and what happens habitually
| yo | juzgoI judge | nosotros | juzgamoswe judge |
| tú | juzgasyou judge | vosotros | juzgáisyou all judge |
| él/ella/Ud. | juzgahe/she judges | ellos/Uds. | juzganthey judge |
Pretérito perfecto
Present perfect — have —ed; a past still touching now. Spain: today, this week. Latin America: mostly the indefinido instead
| yo | he juzgadoI have judged | nosotros | hemos juzgadowe have judged |
| tú | has juzgadoyou have judged | vosotros | habéis juzgadoyou all have judged |
| él/ella/Ud. | ha juzgadohe/she has judged | ellos/Uds. | han juzgadothey have judged |
Presente de subjuntivo
Present subjunctive — after que with wishes, doubt, emotion, ojalá
| yo | juzgue(that) I judge | nosotros | juzguemos(that) we judge |
| tú | juzgues(that) you judge | vosotros | juzguéis(that) you all judge |
| él/ella/Ud. | juzgue(that) he/she judges | ellos/Uds. | juzguen(that) they judge |
Perfecto de subjuntivo
Present perfect subjunctive — have —ed, under doubt or emotion: no creo que haya venido
| yo | haya juzgado(that) I have judged | nosotros | hayamos juzgado(that) we have judged |
| tú | hayas juzgado(that) you have judged | vosotros | hayáis juzgado(that) you all have judged |
| él/ella/Ud. | haya juzgado(that) he/she has judged | ellos/Uds. | hayan juzgado(that) they have judged |
Pasadowhat went on
Pretérito indefinido
Preterite — a finished past action — it started, it ended
| yo | juzguéI judged | nosotros | juzgamoswe judged |
| tú | juzgasteyou judged | vosotros | juzgasteisyou all judged |
| él/ella/Ud. | juzgóhe/she judged | ellos/Uds. | juzgaronthey judged |
Pretérito imperfecto
Imperfect — used to / was —ing; background, habits, descriptions
| yo | juzgabaI used to judge | nosotros | juzgábamoswe used to judge |
| tú | juzgabasyou used to judge | vosotros | juzgabaisyou all used to judge |
| él/ella/Ud. | juzgabahe/she used to judge | ellos/Uds. | juzgabanthey used to judge |
Pretérito pluscuamperfecto
Past perfect — had —ed; further back than another past event
| yo | había juzgadoI had judged | nosotros | habíamos juzgadowe had judged |
| tú | habías juzgadoyou had judged | vosotros | habíais juzgadoyou all had judged |
| él/ella/Ud. | había juzgadohe/she had judged | ellos/Uds. | habían juzgadothey had judged |
Imperfecto de subjuntivo (-ra)
Imperfect subjunctive — si clauses and past-tense wishes: si tuviera, quería que fuera
| yo | juzgara(that) I judged | nosotros | juzgáramos(that) we judged |
| tú | juzgaras(that) you judged | vosotros | juzgarais(that) you all judged |
| él/ella/Ud. | juzgara(that) he/she judged | ellos/Uds. | juzgaran(that) they judged |
Imperfecto de subjuntivo (-se)
Imperfect subjunctive — the same tense, second form; commoner in Spain and in writing
| yo | juzgase(that) I judged | nosotros | juzgásemos(that) we judged |
| tú | juzgases(that) you judged | vosotros | juzgaseis(that) you all judged |
| él/ella/Ud. | juzgase(that) he/she judged | ellos/Uds. | juzgasen(that) they judged |
Pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo
Past perfect subjunctive — had —ed, hypothetically: si hubiera sabido
| yo | hubiera juzgado(that) I had judged | nosotros | hubiéramos juzgado(that) we had judged |
| tú | hubieras juzgado(that) you had judged | vosotros | hubierais juzgado(that) you all had judged |
| él/ella/Ud. | hubiera juzgado(that) he/she had judged | ellos/Uds. | hubieran juzgado(that) they had judged |
Pretérito anterior
Preterite perfect — had —ed, immediately before; literary, all but extinct
| yo | hube juzgadoI had judged | nosotros | hubimos juzgadowe had judged |
| tú | hubiste juzgadoyou had judged | vosotros | hubisteis juzgadoyou all had judged |
| él/ella/Ud. | hubo juzgadohe/she had judged | ellos/Uds. | hubieron juzgadothey had judged |
Futurowhat will or would go on
Futuro simple
Future — will — (spoken Spanish often prefers voy a + infinitivo)
| yo | juzgaréI will judge | nosotros | juzgaremoswe will judge |
| tú | juzgarásyou will judge | vosotros | juzgaréisyou all will judge |
| él/ella/Ud. | juzgaráhe/she will judge | ellos/Uds. | juzgaránthey will judge |
Condicional simple
Conditional — would —; also softens a request into politeness
| yo | juzgaríaI would judge | nosotros | juzgaríamoswe would judge |
| tú | juzgaríasyou would judge | vosotros | juzgaríaisyou all would judge |
| él/ella/Ud. | juzgaríahe/she would judge | ellos/Uds. | juzgaríanthey would judge |
Futuro perfecto
Future perfect — will have —ed; done by some future point
| yo | habré juzgadoI will have judged | nosotros | habremos juzgadowe will have judged |
| tú | habrás juzgadoyou will have judged | vosotros | habréis juzgadoyou all will have judged |
| él/ella/Ud. | habrá juzgadohe/she will have judged | ellos/Uds. | habrán juzgadothey will have judged |
Condicional perfecto
Conditional perfect — would have —ed; the road not taken
| yo | habría juzgadoI would have judged | nosotros | habríamos juzgadowe would have judged |
| tú | habrías juzgadoyou would have judged | vosotros | habríais juzgadoyou all would have judged |
| él/ella/Ud. | habría juzgadohe/she would have judged | ellos/Uds. | habrían juzgadothey would have judged |
Futuro de subjuntivo
Future subjunctive — legal and proverbial only: adonde fueres, haz lo que vieres
| yo | juzgare(should) I judge | nosotros | juzgáremos(should) we judge |
| tú | juzgares(should) you judge | vosotros | juzgareis(should) you all judge |
| él/ella/Ud. | juzgare(should) he/she judge | ellos/Uds. | juzgaren(should) they judge |
Imperativotelling someone to
Imperativo afirmativo
Imperative (do it) — orders and requests; there is no yo form
| yo | — | nosotros | juzguemoslet's judge |
| tú | juzgajudge! | vosotros | juzgadjudge! |
| él/ella/Ud. | juzguejudge! | ellos/Uds. | juzguenjudge! |
Imperativo negativo
Imperative (don't) — no + subjunctive — never the affirmative form with no in front
| yo | — | nosotros | no juzguemoslet's not judge |
| tú | no juzguesdon't judge | vosotros | no juzguéisdon't judge |
| él/ella/Ud. | no juzguedon't judge | ellos/Uds. | no juzguendon't judge |
