Present — what is happening now, and what happens habitually
yo
voyI go
nosotros
vamoswe go
tú
vasyou go
vosotros
vaisyou all go
él/ella/Ud.
vahe/she goes
ellos/Uds.
vanthey go
Pretérito perfecto
Present perfect — have —ed; a past still touching now. Spain: today, this week. Latin America: mostly the indefinido instead
yo
he idoI have gone
nosotros
hemos idowe have gone
tú
has idoyou have gone
vosotros
habéis idoyou all have gone
él/ella/Ud.
ha idohe/she has gone
ellos/Uds.
han idothey have gone
Presente de subjuntivo
Present subjunctive — after que with wishes, doubt, emotion, ojalá
yo
vaya(that) I go
nosotros
vayamos(that) we go
tú
vayas(that) you go
vosotros
vayáis(that) you all go
él/ella/Ud.
vaya(that) he/she goes
ellos/Uds.
vayan(that) they go
Perfecto de subjuntivo
Present perfect subjunctive — have —ed, under doubt or emotion: no creo que haya venido
yo
haya ido(that) I have gone
nosotros
hayamos ido(that) we have gone
tú
hayas ido(that) you have gone
vosotros
hayáis ido(that) you all have gone
él/ella/Ud.
haya ido(that) he/she has gone
ellos/Uds.
hayan ido(that) they have gone
Pasadowhat went on
Pretérito indefinido
Preterite — a finished past action — it started, it ended
yo
fuiI went
nosotros
fuimoswe went
tú
fuisteyou went
vosotros
fuisteisyou all went
él/ella/Ud.
fuehe/she went
ellos/Uds.
fueronthey went
Pretérito imperfecto
Imperfect — used to / was —ing; background, habits, descriptions
yo
ibaI used to go
nosotros
íbamoswe used to go
tú
ibasyou used to go
vosotros
ibaisyou all used to go
él/ella/Ud.
ibahe/she used to go
ellos/Uds.
ibanthey used to go
Pretérito pluscuamperfecto
Past perfect — had —ed; further back than another past event
yo
había idoI had gone
nosotros
habíamos idowe had gone
tú
habías idoyou had gone
vosotros
habíais idoyou all had gone
él/ella/Ud.
había idohe/she had gone
ellos/Uds.
habían idothey had gone
Imperfecto de subjuntivo (-ra)
Imperfect subjunctive — si clauses and past-tense wishes: si tuviera, quería que fuera
yo
fuera(that) I went
nosotros
fuéramos(that) we went
tú
fueras(that) you went
vosotros
fuerais(that) you all went
él/ella/Ud.
fuera(that) he/she went
ellos/Uds.
fueran(that) they went
Imperfecto de subjuntivo (-se)
Imperfect subjunctive — the same tense, second form; commoner in Spain and in writing
yo
fuese(that) I went
nosotros
fuésemos(that) we went
tú
fueses(that) you went
vosotros
fueseis(that) you all went
él/ella/Ud.
fuese(that) he/she went
ellos/Uds.
fuesen(that) they went
Pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo
Past perfect subjunctive — had —ed, hypothetically: si hubiera sabido
yo
hubiera ido(that) I had gone
nosotros
hubiéramos ido(that) we had gone
tú
hubieras ido(that) you had gone
vosotros
hubierais ido(that) you all had gone
él/ella/Ud.
hubiera ido(that) he/she had gone
ellos/Uds.
hubieran ido(that) they had gone
Pretérito anterior
Preterite perfect — had —ed, immediately before; literary, all but extinct
yo
hube idoI had gone
nosotros
hubimos idowe had gone
tú
hubiste idoyou had gone
vosotros
hubisteis idoyou all had gone
él/ella/Ud.
hubo idohe/she had gone
ellos/Uds.
hubieron idothey had gone
Futurowhat will or would go on
Futuro simple
Future — will — (spoken Spanish often prefers voy a + infinitivo)
yo
iréI will go
nosotros
iremoswe will go
tú
irásyou will go
vosotros
iréisyou all will go
él/ella/Ud.
iráhe/she will go
ellos/Uds.
iránthey will go
Condicional simple
Conditional — would —; also softens a request into politeness
yo
iríaI would go
nosotros
iríamoswe would go
tú
iríasyou would go
vosotros
iríaisyou all would go
él/ella/Ud.
iríahe/she would go
ellos/Uds.
iríanthey would go
Futuro perfecto
Future perfect — will have —ed; done by some future point
yo
habré idoI will have gone
nosotros
habremos idowe will have gone
tú
habrás idoyou will have gone
vosotros
habréis idoyou all will have gone
él/ella/Ud.
habrá idohe/she will have gone
ellos/Uds.
habrán idothey will have gone
Condicional perfecto
Conditional perfect — would have —ed; the road not taken
yo
habría idoI would have gone
nosotros
habríamos idowe would have gone
tú
habrías idoyou would have gone
vosotros
habríais idoyou all would have gone
él/ella/Ud.
habría idohe/she would have gone
ellos/Uds.
habrían idothey would have gone
Futuro de subjuntivo
Future subjunctive — legal and proverbial only: adonde fueres, haz lo que vieres
yo
fuere(should) I go
nosotros
fuéremos(should) we go
tú
fueres(should) you go
vosotros
fuereis(should) you all go
él/ella/Ud.
fuere(should) he/she go
ellos/Uds.
fueren(should) they go
Imperativotelling someone to
Imperativo afirmativo
Imperative (do it) — orders and requests; there is no yo form
yo
—
nosotros
vayamoslet's go
tú
vego!
vosotros
idgo!
él/ella/Ud.
vayago!
ellos/Uds.
vayango!
Imperativo negativo
Imperative (don't) — no + subjunctive — never the affirmative form with no in front
yo
—
nosotros
no vayamoslet's not go
tú
no vayasdon't go
vosotros
no vayáisdon't go
él/ella/Ud.
no vayadon't go
ellos/Uds.
no vayandon't go
PresenteVoy al mercado los sábados.I go to the market on Saturdays.
Presente de subjuntivoQuiero que vayas al médico.I want you to go to the doctor.
Pretérito indefinidoFuimos al cine y luego a cenar.We went to the movies and then to dinner.
Pretérito imperfectoÍbamos a la playa cada verano.We used to go to the beach every summer.
Futuro simpleIré contigo si quieres.I will go with you if you want.
Condicional simpleIría, pero tengo que trabajar.I would go, but I have to work.
Suppletive — it borrows from three different Latin verbs, which is why voy, fui and iba look unrelated. Its preterite is identical to ser's. In speech, ir a + infinitivo is the normal future: voy a comer beats comeré.
Imagen.Una autopista ancha y vacía, con tres carriles en cada sentido, separados por una mediana de hormigón. La carretera está rodeada de árboles y vegetación a ambos lados y, a lo lejos, se ven varios edificios de apartamentos de color naranja bajo un cielo nublado. — traducido de A wide, empty highway with three lanes in each direction, separated by a concrete median. The road is surrounded by trees and greenery on both sides, and in the distance, there are several orange-colored apartment buildings under an overcast sky. (Nilo Velez · wordpress · CC0)
Una autopista ancha y vacía, con tres carriles en cada sentido, separados por una mediana de hormigón. La carretera está rodeada de árboles y vegetación a ambos lados y, a lo lejos, se ven varios edificios de apartamentos de color naranja bajo un cielo nublado. — A wide, empty highway with three lanes in each direction, separated by a concrete median. The road is surrounded by trees and greenery on both sides, and in the distance, there are several orange-colored apartment buildings under an overcast sky. · fuente
Red = the form breaks the regular pattern. Everything in black you could have worked out from the endings alone.
he, she, you (formal) — one other person — formal you shares it
Presente
vahe/she goes
Perfecto
ha idohe/she has gone
Subj. presente
vaya(that) he/she goes
Subj. perfecto
haya ido(that) he/she has gone
Futuro
iráhe/she will go
Condicional
iríahe/she would go
Fut. perfecto
habrá idohe/she will have gone
Cond. perfecto
habría idohe/she would have gone
Subj. futuro
fuere(should) he/she go
Indefinido
fuehe/she went
Imperfecto
ibahe/she used to go
Pluscuamp.
había idohe/she had gone
Subj. imperf.
fuera(that) he/she went
Subj. -se
fuese(that) he/she went
Subj. pluscuamp.
hubiera ido(that) he/she had gone
Pret. anterior
hubo idohe/she had gone
Imperativo
vayago!
Imper. negativo
no vayadon't go
ellos / ellas / ustedes
they, you all — several others — plural you shares it
Presente
vanthey go
Perfecto
han idothey have gone
Subj. presente
vayan(that) they go
Subj. perfecto
hayan ido(that) they have gone
Futuro
iránthey will go
Condicional
iríanthey would go
Fut. perfecto
habrán idothey will have gone
Cond. perfecto
habrían idothey would have gone
Subj. futuro
fueren(should) they go
Indefinido
fueronthey went
Imperfecto
ibanthey used to go
Pluscuamp.
habían idothey had gone
Subj. imperf.
fueran(that) they went
Subj. -se
fuesen(that) they went
Subj. pluscuamp.
hubieran ido(that) they had gone
Pret. anterior
hubieron idothey had gone
Imperativo
vayango!
Imper. negativo
no vayandon't go
PresenteVoy al mercado los sábados.I go to the market on Saturdays.
Presente de subjuntivoQuiero que vayas al médico.I want you to go to the doctor.
Pretérito indefinidoFuimos al cine y luego a cenar.We went to the movies and then to dinner.
Pretérito imperfectoÍbamos a la playa cada verano.We used to go to the beach every summer.
Futuro simpleIré contigo si quieres.I will go with you if you want.
Condicional simpleIría, pero tengo que trabajar.I would go, but I have to work.
Suppletive — it borrows from three different Latin verbs, which is why voy, fui and iba look unrelated. Its preterite is identical to ser's. In speech, ir a + infinitivo is the normal future: voy a comer beats comeré.
Imagen.Una autopista ancha y vacía, con tres carriles en cada sentido, separados por una mediana de hormigón. La carretera está rodeada de árboles y vegetación a ambos lados y, a lo lejos, se ven varios edificios de apartamentos de color naranja bajo un cielo nublado. — traducido de A wide, empty highway with three lanes in each direction, separated by a concrete median. The road is surrounded by trees and greenery on both sides, and in the distance, there are several orange-colored apartment buildings under an overcast sky. (Nilo Velez · wordpress · CC0)
Una autopista ancha y vacía, con tres carriles en cada sentido, separados por una mediana de hormigón. La carretera está rodeada de árboles y vegetación a ambos lados y, a lo lejos, se ven varios edificios de apartamentos de color naranja bajo un cielo nublado. — A wide, empty highway with three lanes in each direction, separated by a concrete median. The road is surrounded by trees and greenery on both sides, and in the distance, there are several orange-colored apartment buildings under an overcast sky. · fuente
Red = the form breaks the regular pattern. Everything in black you could have worked out from the endings alone.
