gustar
to be pleasing to (→ to like)participio gustadogerundio gustandohe + participio he gustadoestoy + gerundio estoy gustando
Presentewhat is going on now
Presente
Present — what is happening now, and what happens habitually
| yo | gustoI am pleasing | nosotros | gustamoswe are pleasing |
| tú | gustasyou are pleasing | vosotros | gustáisyou all are pleasing |
| él/ella/Ud. | gustahe/she is pleasing | ellos/Uds. | gustanthey are pleasing |
Pretérito perfecto
Present perfect — have —ed; a past still touching now. Spain: today, this week. Latin America: mostly the indefinido instead
| yo | he gustadoI have been pleasing | nosotros | hemos gustadowe have been pleasing |
| tú | has gustadoyou have been pleasing | vosotros | habéis gustadoyou all have been pleasing |
| él/ella/Ud. | ha gustadohe/she has been pleasing | ellos/Uds. | han gustadothey have been pleasing |
Presente de subjuntivo
Present subjunctive — after que with wishes, doubt, emotion, ojalá
| yo | guste(that) I am pleasing | nosotros | gustemos(that) we are pleasing |
| tú | gustes(that) you are pleasing | vosotros | gustéis(that) you all are pleasing |
| él/ella/Ud. | guste(that) he/she is pleasing | ellos/Uds. | gusten(that) they are pleasing |
Perfecto de subjuntivo
Present perfect subjunctive — have —ed, under doubt or emotion: no creo que haya venido
| yo | haya gustado(that) I have been pleasing | nosotros | hayamos gustado(that) we have been pleasing |
| tú | hayas gustado(that) you have been pleasing | vosotros | hayáis gustado(that) you all have been pleasing |
| él/ella/Ud. | haya gustado(that) he/she has been pleasing | ellos/Uds. | hayan gustado(that) they have been pleasing |
Pasadowhat went on
Pretérito indefinido
Preterite — a finished past action — it started, it ended
| yo | gustéI was pleasing | nosotros | gustamoswe were pleasing |
| tú | gustasteyou were pleasing | vosotros | gustasteisyou all were pleasing |
| él/ella/Ud. | gustóhe/she was pleasing | ellos/Uds. | gustaronthey were pleasing |
Pretérito imperfecto
Imperfect — used to / was —ing; background, habits, descriptions
| yo | gustabaI used to be pleasing | nosotros | gustábamoswe used to be pleasing |
| tú | gustabasyou used to be pleasing | vosotros | gustabaisyou all used to be pleasing |
| él/ella/Ud. | gustabahe/she used to be pleasing | ellos/Uds. | gustabanthey used to be pleasing |
Pretérito pluscuamperfecto
Past perfect — had —ed; further back than another past event
| yo | había gustadoI had been pleasing | nosotros | habíamos gustadowe had been pleasing |
| tú | habías gustadoyou had been pleasing | vosotros | habíais gustadoyou all had been pleasing |
| él/ella/Ud. | había gustadohe/she had been pleasing | ellos/Uds. | habían gustadothey had been pleasing |
Imperfecto de subjuntivo (-ra)
Imperfect subjunctive — si clauses and past-tense wishes: si tuviera, quería que fuera
| yo | gustara(that) I was pleasing | nosotros | gustáramos(that) we were pleasing |
| tú | gustaras(that) you were pleasing | vosotros | gustarais(that) you all were pleasing |
| él/ella/Ud. | gustara(that) he/she was pleasing | ellos/Uds. | gustaran(that) they were pleasing |
Imperfecto de subjuntivo (-se)
Imperfect subjunctive — the same tense, second form; commoner in Spain and in writing
| yo | gustase(that) I was pleasing | nosotros | gustásemos(that) we were pleasing |
| tú | gustases(that) you were pleasing | vosotros | gustaseis(that) you all were pleasing |
| él/ella/Ud. | gustase(that) he/she was pleasing | ellos/Uds. | gustasen(that) they were pleasing |
Pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo
Past perfect subjunctive — had —ed, hypothetically: si hubiera sabido
| yo | hubiera gustado(that) I had been pleasing | nosotros | hubiéramos gustado(that) we had been pleasing |
| tú | hubieras gustado(that) you had been pleasing | vosotros | hubierais gustado(that) you all had been pleasing |
| él/ella/Ud. | hubiera gustado(that) he/she had been pleasing | ellos/Uds. | hubieran gustado(that) they had been pleasing |
Pretérito anterior
Preterite perfect — had —ed, immediately before; literary, all but extinct
| yo | hube gustadoI had been pleasing | nosotros | hubimos gustadowe had been pleasing |
| tú | hubiste gustadoyou had been pleasing | vosotros | hubisteis gustadoyou all had been pleasing |
| él/ella/Ud. | hubo gustadohe/she had been pleasing | ellos/Uds. | hubieron gustadothey had been pleasing |
Futurowhat will or would go on
Futuro simple
Future — will — (spoken Spanish often prefers voy a + infinitivo)
| yo | gustaréI will be pleasing | nosotros | gustaremoswe will be pleasing |
| tú | gustarásyou will be pleasing | vosotros | gustaréisyou all will be pleasing |
| él/ella/Ud. | gustaráhe/she will be pleasing | ellos/Uds. | gustaránthey will be pleasing |
Condicional simple
Conditional — would —; also softens a request into politeness
| yo | gustaríaI would be pleasing | nosotros | gustaríamoswe would be pleasing |
| tú | gustaríasyou would be pleasing | vosotros | gustaríaisyou all would be pleasing |
| él/ella/Ud. | gustaríahe/she would be pleasing | ellos/Uds. | gustaríanthey would be pleasing |
Futuro perfecto
Future perfect — will have —ed; done by some future point
| yo | habré gustadoI will have been pleasing | nosotros | habremos gustadowe will have been pleasing |
| tú | habrás gustadoyou will have been pleasing | vosotros | habréis gustadoyou all will have been pleasing |
| él/ella/Ud. | habrá gustadohe/she will have been pleasing | ellos/Uds. | habrán gustadothey will have been pleasing |
Condicional perfecto
Conditional perfect — would have —ed; the road not taken
| yo | habría gustadoI would have been pleasing | nosotros | habríamos gustadowe would have been pleasing |
| tú | habrías gustadoyou would have been pleasing | vosotros | habríais gustadoyou all would have been pleasing |
| él/ella/Ud. | habría gustadohe/she would have been pleasing | ellos/Uds. | habrían gustadothey would have been pleasing |
Futuro de subjuntivo
Future subjunctive — legal and proverbial only: adonde fueres, haz lo que vieres
| yo | gustare(should) I be pleasing | nosotros | gustáremos(should) we be pleasing |
| tú | gustares(should) you be pleasing | vosotros | gustareis(should) you all be pleasing |
| él/ella/Ud. | gustare(should) he/she be pleasing | ellos/Uds. | gustaren(should) they be pleasing |
Imperativotelling someone to
Imperativo afirmativo
Imperative (do it) — orders and requests; there is no yo form
| yo | — | nosotros | gustemoslet's be pleasing |
| tú | gustabe pleasing! | vosotros | gustadbe pleasing! |
| él/ella/Ud. | gustebe pleasing! | ellos/Uds. | gustenbe pleasing! |
Imperativo negativo
Imperative (don't) — no + subjunctive — never the affirmative form with no in front
| yo | — | nosotros | no gustemoslet's not be pleasing |
| tú | no gustesdon't be pleasing | vosotros | no gustéisdon't be pleasing |
| él/ella/Ud. | no gustedon't be pleasing | ellos/Uds. | no gustendon't be pleasing |
PresenteMe gusta el chocolate.I like chocolate.
Presente de subjuntivoNo creo que les guste la idea.I don't think they like the idea.
Pretérito indefinidoNos gustó mucho la película.We liked the film a lot.
Pretérito imperfectoDe niño no me gustaban las verduras.As a child I didn't like vegetables.
Futuro simpleTe gustará este disco.You'll like this record.
Condicional simpleMe gustaría un café, por favor.I would like a coffee, please.
Uso real — la construcción invertida
The subject is the thing, not the person. Pick the form by whether that thing is singular or plural, and put the person in front as an indirect object pronoun.
me (a mí) · te (a ti) · le (a él/ella/Ud.) · nos (a nosotros) · os (a vosotros) · les (a ellos/Uds.)
una cosa / varias cosas
Presentegusta/gustan
Pretérito perfectoha gustado/han gustado
Presente de subjuntivoguste/gusten
Perfecto de subjuntivohaya gustado/hayan gustado
Pretérito indefinidogustó/gustaron
Pretérito imperfectogustaba/gustaban
Pretérito pluscuamperfectohabía gustado/habían gustado
Imperfecto de subjuntivo (-ra)gustara/gustaran
Imperfecto de subjuntivo (-se)gustase/gustasen
Pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivohubiera gustado/hubieran gustado
Pretérito anteriorhubo gustado/hubieron gustado
Futuro simplegustará/gustarán
Condicional simplegustaría/gustarían
Futuro perfectohabrá gustado/habrán gustado
Condicional perfectohabría gustado/habrían gustado
Futuro de subjuntivogustare/gustaren
Perfectly regular — the difficulty is the shape, not the endings. You use the third person almost exclusively; the six-person paradigm above is grammatical but rare, and me gustas means 'I'm attracted to you'. Encantar, doler, interesar, faltar and quedar all work the same way.
Imagen. Puesta de sol sobre una pradera de flores silvestres, con margaritas y otras flores en primer plano y un cielo naranja y violeta intenso al fondo. — traducido de A sunset view over a wildflower meadow with a mix of daisies and other wildflowers in the foreground and a vivid orange and purple sky in the background. (Nilo Velez · wordpress · CC0)
