encender
to turn on, to lightPresentewhat is going on now
Presente
Present — what is happening now, and what happens habitually
| yo | enciendoI turn on | nosotros | encendemoswe turn on |
| tú | enciendesyou turn on | vosotros | encendéisyou all turn on |
| él/ella/Ud. | enciendehe/she turns on | ellos/Uds. | enciendenthey turn on |
Pretérito perfecto
Present perfect — have —ed; a past still touching now. Spain: today, this week. Latin America: mostly the indefinido instead
| yo | he encendidoI have turned on | nosotros | hemos encendidowe have turned on |
| tú | has encendidoyou have turned on | vosotros | habéis encendidoyou all have turned on |
| él/ella/Ud. | ha encendidohe/she has turned on | ellos/Uds. | han encendidothey have turned on |
Presente de subjuntivo
Present subjunctive — after que with wishes, doubt, emotion, ojalá
| yo | encienda(that) I turn on | nosotros | encendamos(that) we turn on |
| tú | enciendas(that) you turn on | vosotros | encendáis(that) you all turn on |
| él/ella/Ud. | encienda(that) he/she turns on | ellos/Uds. | enciendan(that) they turn on |
Perfecto de subjuntivo
Present perfect subjunctive — have —ed, under doubt or emotion: no creo que haya venido
| yo | haya encendido(that) I have turned on | nosotros | hayamos encendido(that) we have turned on |
| tú | hayas encendido(that) you have turned on | vosotros | hayáis encendido(that) you all have turned on |
| él/ella/Ud. | haya encendido(that) he/she has turned on | ellos/Uds. | hayan encendido(that) they have turned on |
Pasadowhat went on
Pretérito indefinido
Preterite — a finished past action — it started, it ended
| yo | encendíI turned on | nosotros | encendimoswe turned on |
| tú | encendisteyou turned on | vosotros | encendisteisyou all turned on |
| él/ella/Ud. | encendióhe/she turned on | ellos/Uds. | encendieronthey turned on |
Pretérito imperfecto
Imperfect — used to / was —ing; background, habits, descriptions
| yo | encendíaI used to turn on | nosotros | encendíamoswe used to turn on |
| tú | encendíasyou used to turn on | vosotros | encendíaisyou all used to turn on |
| él/ella/Ud. | encendíahe/she used to turn on | ellos/Uds. | encendíanthey used to turn on |
Pretérito pluscuamperfecto
Past perfect — had —ed; further back than another past event
| yo | había encendidoI had turned on | nosotros | habíamos encendidowe had turned on |
| tú | habías encendidoyou had turned on | vosotros | habíais encendidoyou all had turned on |
| él/ella/Ud. | había encendidohe/she had turned on | ellos/Uds. | habían encendidothey had turned on |
Imperfecto de subjuntivo (-ra)
Imperfect subjunctive — si clauses and past-tense wishes: si tuviera, quería que fuera
| yo | encendiera(that) I turned on | nosotros | encendiéramos(that) we turned on |
| tú | encendieras(that) you turned on | vosotros | encendierais(that) you all turned on |
| él/ella/Ud. | encendiera(that) he/she turned on | ellos/Uds. | encendieran(that) they turned on |
Imperfecto de subjuntivo (-se)
Imperfect subjunctive — the same tense, second form; commoner in Spain and in writing
| yo | encendiese(that) I turned on | nosotros | encendiésemos(that) we turned on |
| tú | encendieses(that) you turned on | vosotros | encendieseis(that) you all turned on |
| él/ella/Ud. | encendiese(that) he/she turned on | ellos/Uds. | encendiesen(that) they turned on |
Pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo
Past perfect subjunctive — had —ed, hypothetically: si hubiera sabido
| yo | hubiera encendido(that) I had turned on | nosotros | hubiéramos encendido(that) we had turned on |
| tú | hubieras encendido(that) you had turned on | vosotros | hubierais encendido(that) you all had turned on |
| él/ella/Ud. | hubiera encendido(that) he/she had turned on | ellos/Uds. | hubieran encendido(that) they had turned on |
Pretérito anterior
Preterite perfect — had —ed, immediately before; literary, all but extinct
| yo | hube encendidoI had turned on | nosotros | hubimos encendidowe had turned on |
| tú | hubiste encendidoyou had turned on | vosotros | hubisteis encendidoyou all had turned on |
| él/ella/Ud. | hubo encendidohe/she had turned on | ellos/Uds. | hubieron encendidothey had turned on |
Futurowhat will or would go on
Futuro simple
Future — will — (spoken Spanish often prefers voy a + infinitivo)
| yo | encenderéI will turn on | nosotros | encenderemoswe will turn on |
| tú | encenderásyou will turn on | vosotros | encenderéisyou all will turn on |
| él/ella/Ud. | encenderáhe/she will turn on | ellos/Uds. | encenderánthey will turn on |
Condicional simple
Conditional — would —; also softens a request into politeness
| yo | encenderíaI would turn on | nosotros | encenderíamoswe would turn on |
| tú | encenderíasyou would turn on | vosotros | encenderíaisyou all would turn on |
| él/ella/Ud. | encenderíahe/she would turn on | ellos/Uds. | encenderíanthey would turn on |
Futuro perfecto
Future perfect — will have —ed; done by some future point
| yo | habré encendidoI will have turned on | nosotros | habremos encendidowe will have turned on |
| tú | habrás encendidoyou will have turned on | vosotros | habréis encendidoyou all will have turned on |
| él/ella/Ud. | habrá encendidohe/she will have turned on | ellos/Uds. | habrán encendidothey will have turned on |
Condicional perfecto
Conditional perfect — would have —ed; the road not taken
| yo | habría encendidoI would have turned on | nosotros | habríamos encendidowe would have turned on |
| tú | habrías encendidoyou would have turned on | vosotros | habríais encendidoyou all would have turned on |
| él/ella/Ud. | habría encendidohe/she would have turned on | ellos/Uds. | habrían encendidothey would have turned on |
Futuro de subjuntivo
Future subjunctive — legal and proverbial only: adonde fueres, haz lo que vieres
| yo | encendiere(should) I turn on | nosotros | encendiéremos(should) we turn on |
| tú | encendieres(should) you turn on | vosotros | encendiereis(should) you all turn on |
| él/ella/Ud. | encendiere(should) he/she turn on | ellos/Uds. | encendieren(should) they turn on |
Imperativotelling someone to
Imperativo afirmativo
Imperative (do it) — orders and requests; there is no yo form
| yo | — | nosotros | encendamoslet's turn on |
| tú | enciendeturn on! | vosotros | encendedturn on! |
| él/ella/Ud. | enciendaturn on! | ellos/Uds. | enciendanturn on! |
Imperativo negativo
Imperative (don't) — no + subjunctive — never the affirmative form with no in front
| yo | — | nosotros | no encendamoslet's not turn on |
| tú | no enciendasdon't turn on | vosotros | no encendáisdon't turn on |
| él/ella/Ud. | no enciendadon't turn on | ellos/Uds. | no enciendandon't turn on |
Red = the form breaks the regular pattern. Everything in black you could have worked out from the endings alone.