despertar
to wake upPresentewhat is going on now
Presente
Present — what is happening now, and what happens habitually
| yo | despiertoI wake | nosotros | despertamoswe wake |
| tú | despiertasyou wake | vosotros | despertáisyou all wake |
| él/ella/Ud. | despiertahe/she wakes | ellos/Uds. | despiertanthey wake |
Pretérito perfecto
Present perfect — have —ed; a past still touching now. Spain: today, this week. Latin America: mostly the indefinido instead
| yo | he despertadoI have woken | nosotros | hemos despertadowe have woken |
| tú | has despertadoyou have woken | vosotros | habéis despertadoyou all have woken |
| él/ella/Ud. | ha despertadohe/she has woken | ellos/Uds. | han despertadothey have woken |
Presente de subjuntivo
Present subjunctive — after que with wishes, doubt, emotion, ojalá
| yo | despierte(that) I wake | nosotros | despertemos(that) we wake |
| tú | despiertes(that) you wake | vosotros | despertéis(that) you all wake |
| él/ella/Ud. | despierte(that) he/she wakes | ellos/Uds. | despierten(that) they wake |
Perfecto de subjuntivo
Present perfect subjunctive — have —ed, under doubt or emotion: no creo que haya venido
| yo | haya despertado(that) I have woken | nosotros | hayamos despertado(that) we have woken |
| tú | hayas despertado(that) you have woken | vosotros | hayáis despertado(that) you all have woken |
| él/ella/Ud. | haya despertado(that) he/she has woken | ellos/Uds. | hayan despertado(that) they have woken |
Pasadowhat went on
Pretérito indefinido
Preterite — a finished past action — it started, it ended
| yo | despertéI woke | nosotros | despertamoswe woke |
| tú | despertasteyou woke | vosotros | despertasteisyou all woke |
| él/ella/Ud. | despertóhe/she woke | ellos/Uds. | despertaronthey woke |
Pretérito imperfecto
Imperfect — used to / was —ing; background, habits, descriptions
| yo | despertabaI used to wake | nosotros | despertábamoswe used to wake |
| tú | despertabasyou used to wake | vosotros | despertabaisyou all used to wake |
| él/ella/Ud. | despertabahe/she used to wake | ellos/Uds. | despertabanthey used to wake |
Pretérito pluscuamperfecto
Past perfect — had —ed; further back than another past event
| yo | había despertadoI had woken | nosotros | habíamos despertadowe had woken |
| tú | habías despertadoyou had woken | vosotros | habíais despertadoyou all had woken |
| él/ella/Ud. | había despertadohe/she had woken | ellos/Uds. | habían despertadothey had woken |
Imperfecto de subjuntivo (-ra)
Imperfect subjunctive — si clauses and past-tense wishes: si tuviera, quería que fuera
| yo | despertara(that) I woke | nosotros | despertáramos(that) we woke |
| tú | despertaras(that) you woke | vosotros | despertarais(that) you all woke |
| él/ella/Ud. | despertara(that) he/she woke | ellos/Uds. | despertaran(that) they woke |
Imperfecto de subjuntivo (-se)
Imperfect subjunctive — the same tense, second form; commoner in Spain and in writing
| yo | despertase(that) I woke | nosotros | despertásemos(that) we woke |
| tú | despertases(that) you woke | vosotros | despertaseis(that) you all woke |
| él/ella/Ud. | despertase(that) he/she woke | ellos/Uds. | despertasen(that) they woke |
Pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo
Past perfect subjunctive — had —ed, hypothetically: si hubiera sabido
| yo | hubiera despertado(that) I had woken | nosotros | hubiéramos despertado(that) we had woken |
| tú | hubieras despertado(that) you had woken | vosotros | hubierais despertado(that) you all had woken |
| él/ella/Ud. | hubiera despertado(that) he/she had woken | ellos/Uds. | hubieran despertado(that) they had woken |
Pretérito anterior
Preterite perfect — had —ed, immediately before; literary, all but extinct
| yo | hube despertadoI had woken | nosotros | hubimos despertadowe had woken |
| tú | hubiste despertadoyou had woken | vosotros | hubisteis despertadoyou all had woken |
| él/ella/Ud. | hubo despertadohe/she had woken | ellos/Uds. | hubieron despertadothey had woken |
Futurowhat will or would go on
Futuro simple
Future — will — (spoken Spanish often prefers voy a + infinitivo)
| yo | despertaréI will wake | nosotros | despertaremoswe will wake |
| tú | despertarásyou will wake | vosotros | despertaréisyou all will wake |
| él/ella/Ud. | despertaráhe/she will wake | ellos/Uds. | despertaránthey will wake |
Condicional simple
Conditional — would —; also softens a request into politeness
| yo | despertaríaI would wake | nosotros | despertaríamoswe would wake |
| tú | despertaríasyou would wake | vosotros | despertaríaisyou all would wake |
| él/ella/Ud. | despertaríahe/she would wake | ellos/Uds. | despertaríanthey would wake |
Futuro perfecto
Future perfect — will have —ed; done by some future point
| yo | habré despertadoI will have woken | nosotros | habremos despertadowe will have woken |
| tú | habrás despertadoyou will have woken | vosotros | habréis despertadoyou all will have woken |
| él/ella/Ud. | habrá despertadohe/she will have woken | ellos/Uds. | habrán despertadothey will have woken |
Condicional perfecto
Conditional perfect — would have —ed; the road not taken
| yo | habría despertadoI would have woken | nosotros | habríamos despertadowe would have woken |
| tú | habrías despertadoyou would have woken | vosotros | habríais despertadoyou all would have woken |
| él/ella/Ud. | habría despertadohe/she would have woken | ellos/Uds. | habrían despertadothey would have woken |
Futuro de subjuntivo
Future subjunctive — legal and proverbial only: adonde fueres, haz lo que vieres
| yo | despertare(should) I wake | nosotros | despertáremos(should) we wake |
| tú | despertares(should) you wake | vosotros | despertareis(should) you all wake |
| él/ella/Ud. | despertare(should) he/she wake | ellos/Uds. | despertaren(should) they wake |
Imperativotelling someone to
Imperativo afirmativo
Imperative (do it) — orders and requests; there is no yo form
| yo | — | nosotros | despertemoslet's wake |
| tú | despiertawake! | vosotros | despertadwake! |
| él/ella/Ud. | despiertewake! | ellos/Uds. | despiertenwake! |
Imperativo negativo
Imperative (don't) — no + subjunctive — never the affirmative form with no in front
| yo | — | nosotros | no despertemoslet's not wake |
| tú | no despiertesdon't wake | vosotros | no despertéisdon't wake |
| él/ella/Ud. | no despiertedon't wake | ellos/Uds. | no despiertendon't wake |
Red = the form breaks the regular pattern. Everything in black you could have worked out from the endings alone.