decir
to say, to tellPresentewhat is going on now
Presente
Present — what is happening now, and what happens habitually
| yo | digoI say | nosotros | decimoswe say |
| tú | dicesyou say | vosotros | decísyou all say |
| él/ella/Ud. | dicehe/she says | ellos/Uds. | dicenthey say |
Pretérito perfecto
Present perfect — have —ed; a past still touching now. Spain: today, this week. Latin America: mostly the indefinido instead
| yo | he dichoI have said | nosotros | hemos dichowe have said |
| tú | has dichoyou have said | vosotros | habéis dichoyou all have said |
| él/ella/Ud. | ha dichohe/she has said | ellos/Uds. | han dichothey have said |
Presente de subjuntivo
Present subjunctive — after que with wishes, doubt, emotion, ojalá
| yo | diga(that) I say | nosotros | digamos(that) we say |
| tú | digas(that) you say | vosotros | digáis(that) you all say |
| él/ella/Ud. | diga(that) he/she says | ellos/Uds. | digan(that) they say |
Perfecto de subjuntivo
Present perfect subjunctive — have —ed, under doubt or emotion: no creo que haya venido
| yo | haya dicho(that) I have said | nosotros | hayamos dicho(that) we have said |
| tú | hayas dicho(that) you have said | vosotros | hayáis dicho(that) you all have said |
| él/ella/Ud. | haya dicho(that) he/she has said | ellos/Uds. | hayan dicho(that) they have said |
Pasadowhat went on
Pretérito indefinido
Preterite — a finished past action — it started, it ended
| yo | dijeI said | nosotros | dijimoswe said |
| tú | dijisteyou said | vosotros | dijisteisyou all said |
| él/ella/Ud. | dijohe/she said | ellos/Uds. | dijeronthey said |
Pretérito imperfecto
Imperfect — used to / was —ing; background, habits, descriptions
| yo | decíaI used to say | nosotros | decíamoswe used to say |
| tú | decíasyou used to say | vosotros | decíaisyou all used to say |
| él/ella/Ud. | decíahe/she used to say | ellos/Uds. | decíanthey used to say |
Pretérito pluscuamperfecto
Past perfect — had —ed; further back than another past event
| yo | había dichoI had said | nosotros | habíamos dichowe had said |
| tú | habías dichoyou had said | vosotros | habíais dichoyou all had said |
| él/ella/Ud. | había dichohe/she had said | ellos/Uds. | habían dichothey had said |
Imperfecto de subjuntivo (-ra)
Imperfect subjunctive — si clauses and past-tense wishes: si tuviera, quería que fuera
| yo | dijera(that) I said | nosotros | dijéramos(that) we said |
| tú | dijeras(that) you said | vosotros | dijerais(that) you all said |
| él/ella/Ud. | dijera(that) he/she said | ellos/Uds. | dijeran(that) they said |
Imperfecto de subjuntivo (-se)
Imperfect subjunctive — the same tense, second form; commoner in Spain and in writing
| yo | dijese(that) I said | nosotros | dijésemos(that) we said |
| tú | dijeses(that) you said | vosotros | dijeseis(that) you all said |
| él/ella/Ud. | dijese(that) he/she said | ellos/Uds. | dijesen(that) they said |
Pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo
Past perfect subjunctive — had —ed, hypothetically: si hubiera sabido
| yo | hubiera dicho(that) I had said | nosotros | hubiéramos dicho(that) we had said |
| tú | hubieras dicho(that) you had said | vosotros | hubierais dicho(that) you all had said |
| él/ella/Ud. | hubiera dicho(that) he/she had said | ellos/Uds. | hubieran dicho(that) they had said |
Pretérito anterior
Preterite perfect — had —ed, immediately before; literary, all but extinct
| yo | hube dichoI had said | nosotros | hubimos dichowe had said |
| tú | hubiste dichoyou had said | vosotros | hubisteis dichoyou all had said |
| él/ella/Ud. | hubo dichohe/she had said | ellos/Uds. | hubieron dichothey had said |
Futurowhat will or would go on
Futuro simple
Future — will — (spoken Spanish often prefers voy a + infinitivo)
| yo | diréI will say | nosotros | diremoswe will say |
| tú | dirásyou will say | vosotros | diréisyou all will say |
| él/ella/Ud. | diráhe/she will say | ellos/Uds. | diránthey will say |
Condicional simple
Conditional — would —; also softens a request into politeness
| yo | diríaI would say | nosotros | diríamoswe would say |
| tú | diríasyou would say | vosotros | diríaisyou all would say |
| él/ella/Ud. | diríahe/she would say | ellos/Uds. | diríanthey would say |
Futuro perfecto
Future perfect — will have —ed; done by some future point
| yo | habré dichoI will have said | nosotros | habremos dichowe will have said |
| tú | habrás dichoyou will have said | vosotros | habréis dichoyou all will have said |
| él/ella/Ud. | habrá dichohe/she will have said | ellos/Uds. | habrán dichothey will have said |
Condicional perfecto
Conditional perfect — would have —ed; the road not taken
| yo | habría dichoI would have said | nosotros | habríamos dichowe would have said |
| tú | habrías dichoyou would have said | vosotros | habríais dichoyou all would have said |
| él/ella/Ud. | habría dichohe/she would have said | ellos/Uds. | habrían dichothey would have said |
Futuro de subjuntivo
Future subjunctive — legal and proverbial only: adonde fueres, haz lo que vieres
| yo | dijere(should) I say | nosotros | dijéremos(should) we say |
| tú | dijeres(should) you say | vosotros | dijereis(should) you all say |
| él/ella/Ud. | dijere(should) he/she say | ellos/Uds. | dijeren(should) they say |
Imperativotelling someone to
Imperativo afirmativo
Imperative (do it) — orders and requests; there is no yo form
| yo | — | nosotros | digamoslet's say |
| tú | disay! | vosotros | decidsay! |
| él/ella/Ud. | digasay! | ellos/Uds. | digansay! |
Imperativo negativo
Imperative (don't) — no + subjunctive — never the affirmative form with no in front
| yo | — | nosotros | no digamoslet's not say |
| tú | no digasdon't say | vosotros | no digáisdon't say |
| él/ella/Ud. | no digadon't say | ellos/Uds. | no digandon't say |
Red = the form breaks the regular pattern. Everything in black you could have worked out from the endings alone.