cumplir
to fulfil, to turn (an age)Presentewhat is going on now
Presente
Present — what is happening now, and what happens habitually
| yo | cumploI fulfil | nosotros | cumplimoswe fulfil |
| tú | cumplesyou fulfil | vosotros | cumplísyou all fulfil |
| él/ella/Ud. | cumplehe/she fulfils | ellos/Uds. | cumplenthey fulfil |
Pretérito perfecto
Present perfect — have —ed; a past still touching now. Spain: today, this week. Latin America: mostly the indefinido instead
| yo | he cumplidoI have fulfiled | nosotros | hemos cumplidowe have fulfiled |
| tú | has cumplidoyou have fulfiled | vosotros | habéis cumplidoyou all have fulfiled |
| él/ella/Ud. | ha cumplidohe/she has fulfiled | ellos/Uds. | han cumplidothey have fulfiled |
Presente de subjuntivo
Present subjunctive — after que with wishes, doubt, emotion, ojalá
| yo | cumpla(that) I fulfil | nosotros | cumplamos(that) we fulfil |
| tú | cumplas(that) you fulfil | vosotros | cumpláis(that) you all fulfil |
| él/ella/Ud. | cumpla(that) he/she fulfils | ellos/Uds. | cumplan(that) they fulfil |
Perfecto de subjuntivo
Present perfect subjunctive — have —ed, under doubt or emotion: no creo que haya venido
| yo | haya cumplido(that) I have fulfiled | nosotros | hayamos cumplido(that) we have fulfiled |
| tú | hayas cumplido(that) you have fulfiled | vosotros | hayáis cumplido(that) you all have fulfiled |
| él/ella/Ud. | haya cumplido(that) he/she has fulfiled | ellos/Uds. | hayan cumplido(that) they have fulfiled |
Pasadowhat went on
Pretérito indefinido
Preterite — a finished past action — it started, it ended
| yo | cumplíI fulfiled | nosotros | cumplimoswe fulfiled |
| tú | cumplisteyou fulfiled | vosotros | cumplisteisyou all fulfiled |
| él/ella/Ud. | cumplióhe/she fulfiled | ellos/Uds. | cumplieronthey fulfiled |
Pretérito imperfecto
Imperfect — used to / was —ing; background, habits, descriptions
| yo | cumplíaI used to fulfil | nosotros | cumplíamoswe used to fulfil |
| tú | cumplíasyou used to fulfil | vosotros | cumplíaisyou all used to fulfil |
| él/ella/Ud. | cumplíahe/she used to fulfil | ellos/Uds. | cumplíanthey used to fulfil |
Pretérito pluscuamperfecto
Past perfect — had —ed; further back than another past event
| yo | había cumplidoI had fulfiled | nosotros | habíamos cumplidowe had fulfiled |
| tú | habías cumplidoyou had fulfiled | vosotros | habíais cumplidoyou all had fulfiled |
| él/ella/Ud. | había cumplidohe/she had fulfiled | ellos/Uds. | habían cumplidothey had fulfiled |
Imperfecto de subjuntivo (-ra)
Imperfect subjunctive — si clauses and past-tense wishes: si tuviera, quería que fuera
| yo | cumpliera(that) I fulfiled | nosotros | cumpliéramos(that) we fulfiled |
| tú | cumplieras(that) you fulfiled | vosotros | cumplierais(that) you all fulfiled |
| él/ella/Ud. | cumpliera(that) he/she fulfiled | ellos/Uds. | cumplieran(that) they fulfiled |
Imperfecto de subjuntivo (-se)
Imperfect subjunctive — the same tense, second form; commoner in Spain and in writing
| yo | cumpliese(that) I fulfiled | nosotros | cumpliésemos(that) we fulfiled |
| tú | cumplieses(that) you fulfiled | vosotros | cumplieseis(that) you all fulfiled |
| él/ella/Ud. | cumpliese(that) he/she fulfiled | ellos/Uds. | cumpliesen(that) they fulfiled |
Pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo
Past perfect subjunctive — had —ed, hypothetically: si hubiera sabido
| yo | hubiera cumplido(that) I had fulfiled | nosotros | hubiéramos cumplido(that) we had fulfiled |
| tú | hubieras cumplido(that) you had fulfiled | vosotros | hubierais cumplido(that) you all had fulfiled |
| él/ella/Ud. | hubiera cumplido(that) he/she had fulfiled | ellos/Uds. | hubieran cumplido(that) they had fulfiled |
Pretérito anterior
Preterite perfect — had —ed, immediately before; literary, all but extinct
| yo | hube cumplidoI had fulfiled | nosotros | hubimos cumplidowe had fulfiled |
| tú | hubiste cumplidoyou had fulfiled | vosotros | hubisteis cumplidoyou all had fulfiled |
| él/ella/Ud. | hubo cumplidohe/she had fulfiled | ellos/Uds. | hubieron cumplidothey had fulfiled |
Futurowhat will or would go on
Futuro simple
Future — will — (spoken Spanish often prefers voy a + infinitivo)
| yo | cumpliréI will fulfil | nosotros | cumpliremoswe will fulfil |
| tú | cumplirásyou will fulfil | vosotros | cumpliréisyou all will fulfil |
| él/ella/Ud. | cumpliráhe/she will fulfil | ellos/Uds. | cumpliránthey will fulfil |
Condicional simple
Conditional — would —; also softens a request into politeness
| yo | cumpliríaI would fulfil | nosotros | cumpliríamoswe would fulfil |
| tú | cumpliríasyou would fulfil | vosotros | cumpliríaisyou all would fulfil |
| él/ella/Ud. | cumpliríahe/she would fulfil | ellos/Uds. | cumpliríanthey would fulfil |
Futuro perfecto
Future perfect — will have —ed; done by some future point
| yo | habré cumplidoI will have fulfiled | nosotros | habremos cumplidowe will have fulfiled |
| tú | habrás cumplidoyou will have fulfiled | vosotros | habréis cumplidoyou all will have fulfiled |
| él/ella/Ud. | habrá cumplidohe/she will have fulfiled | ellos/Uds. | habrán cumplidothey will have fulfiled |
Condicional perfecto
Conditional perfect — would have —ed; the road not taken
| yo | habría cumplidoI would have fulfiled | nosotros | habríamos cumplidowe would have fulfiled |
| tú | habrías cumplidoyou would have fulfiled | vosotros | habríais cumplidoyou all would have fulfiled |
| él/ella/Ud. | habría cumplidohe/she would have fulfiled | ellos/Uds. | habrían cumplidothey would have fulfiled |
Futuro de subjuntivo
Future subjunctive — legal and proverbial only: adonde fueres, haz lo que vieres
| yo | cumpliere(should) I fulfil | nosotros | cumpliéremos(should) we fulfil |
| tú | cumplieres(should) you fulfil | vosotros | cumpliereis(should) you all fulfil |
| él/ella/Ud. | cumpliere(should) he/she fulfil | ellos/Uds. | cumplieren(should) they fulfil |
Imperativotelling someone to
Imperativo afirmativo
Imperative (do it) — orders and requests; there is no yo form
| yo | — | nosotros | cumplamoslet's fulfil |
| tú | cumplefulfil! | vosotros | cumplidfulfil! |
| él/ella/Ud. | cumplafulfil! | ellos/Uds. | cumplanfulfil! |
Imperativo negativo
Imperative (don't) — no + subjunctive — never the affirmative form with no in front
| yo | — | nosotros | no cumplamoslet's not fulfil |
| tú | no cumplasdon't fulfil | vosotros | no cumpláisdon't fulfil |
| él/ella/Ud. | no cumpladon't fulfil | ellos/Uds. | no cumplandon't fulfil |
