convencer
to convincePresentewhat is going on now
Presente
Present — what is happening now, and what happens habitually
| yo | convenzoI convince | nosotros | convencemoswe convince |
| tú | convencesyou convince | vosotros | convencéisyou all convince |
| él/ella/Ud. | convencehe/she convinces | ellos/Uds. | convencenthey convince |
Pretérito perfecto
Present perfect — have —ed; a past still touching now. Spain: today, this week. Latin America: mostly the indefinido instead
| yo | he convencidoI have convinced | nosotros | hemos convencidowe have convinced |
| tú | has convencidoyou have convinced | vosotros | habéis convencidoyou all have convinced |
| él/ella/Ud. | ha convencidohe/she has convinced | ellos/Uds. | han convencidothey have convinced |
Presente de subjuntivo
Present subjunctive — after que with wishes, doubt, emotion, ojalá
| yo | convenza(that) I convince | nosotros | convenzamos(that) we convince |
| tú | convenzas(that) you convince | vosotros | convenzáis(that) you all convince |
| él/ella/Ud. | convenza(that) he/she convinces | ellos/Uds. | convenzan(that) they convince |
Perfecto de subjuntivo
Present perfect subjunctive — have —ed, under doubt or emotion: no creo que haya venido
| yo | haya convencido(that) I have convinced | nosotros | hayamos convencido(that) we have convinced |
| tú | hayas convencido(that) you have convinced | vosotros | hayáis convencido(that) you all have convinced |
| él/ella/Ud. | haya convencido(that) he/she has convinced | ellos/Uds. | hayan convencido(that) they have convinced |
Pasadowhat went on
Pretérito indefinido
Preterite — a finished past action — it started, it ended
| yo | convencíI convinced | nosotros | convencimoswe convinced |
| tú | convencisteyou convinced | vosotros | convencisteisyou all convinced |
| él/ella/Ud. | convencióhe/she convinced | ellos/Uds. | convencieronthey convinced |
Pretérito imperfecto
Imperfect — used to / was —ing; background, habits, descriptions
| yo | convencíaI used to convince | nosotros | convencíamoswe used to convince |
| tú | convencíasyou used to convince | vosotros | convencíaisyou all used to convince |
| él/ella/Ud. | convencíahe/she used to convince | ellos/Uds. | convencíanthey used to convince |
Pretérito pluscuamperfecto
Past perfect — had —ed; further back than another past event
| yo | había convencidoI had convinced | nosotros | habíamos convencidowe had convinced |
| tú | habías convencidoyou had convinced | vosotros | habíais convencidoyou all had convinced |
| él/ella/Ud. | había convencidohe/she had convinced | ellos/Uds. | habían convencidothey had convinced |
Imperfecto de subjuntivo (-ra)
Imperfect subjunctive — si clauses and past-tense wishes: si tuviera, quería que fuera
| yo | convenciera(that) I convinced | nosotros | convenciéramos(that) we convinced |
| tú | convencieras(that) you convinced | vosotros | convencierais(that) you all convinced |
| él/ella/Ud. | convenciera(that) he/she convinced | ellos/Uds. | convencieran(that) they convinced |
Imperfecto de subjuntivo (-se)
Imperfect subjunctive — the same tense, second form; commoner in Spain and in writing
| yo | convenciese(that) I convinced | nosotros | convenciésemos(that) we convinced |
| tú | convencieses(that) you convinced | vosotros | convencieseis(that) you all convinced |
| él/ella/Ud. | convenciese(that) he/she convinced | ellos/Uds. | convenciesen(that) they convinced |
Pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo
Past perfect subjunctive — had —ed, hypothetically: si hubiera sabido
| yo | hubiera convencido(that) I had convinced | nosotros | hubiéramos convencido(that) we had convinced |
| tú | hubieras convencido(that) you had convinced | vosotros | hubierais convencido(that) you all had convinced |
| él/ella/Ud. | hubiera convencido(that) he/she had convinced | ellos/Uds. | hubieran convencido(that) they had convinced |
Pretérito anterior
Preterite perfect — had —ed, immediately before; literary, all but extinct
| yo | hube convencidoI had convinced | nosotros | hubimos convencidowe had convinced |
| tú | hubiste convencidoyou had convinced | vosotros | hubisteis convencidoyou all had convinced |
| él/ella/Ud. | hubo convencidohe/she had convinced | ellos/Uds. | hubieron convencidothey had convinced |
Futurowhat will or would go on
Futuro simple
Future — will — (spoken Spanish often prefers voy a + infinitivo)
| yo | convenceréI will convince | nosotros | convenceremoswe will convince |
| tú | convencerásyou will convince | vosotros | convenceréisyou all will convince |
| él/ella/Ud. | convenceráhe/she will convince | ellos/Uds. | convenceránthey will convince |
Condicional simple
Conditional — would —; also softens a request into politeness
| yo | convenceríaI would convince | nosotros | convenceríamoswe would convince |
| tú | convenceríasyou would convince | vosotros | convenceríaisyou all would convince |
| él/ella/Ud. | convenceríahe/she would convince | ellos/Uds. | convenceríanthey would convince |
Futuro perfecto
Future perfect — will have —ed; done by some future point
| yo | habré convencidoI will have convinced | nosotros | habremos convencidowe will have convinced |
| tú | habrás convencidoyou will have convinced | vosotros | habréis convencidoyou all will have convinced |
| él/ella/Ud. | habrá convencidohe/she will have convinced | ellos/Uds. | habrán convencidothey will have convinced |
Condicional perfecto
Conditional perfect — would have —ed; the road not taken
| yo | habría convencidoI would have convinced | nosotros | habríamos convencidowe would have convinced |
| tú | habrías convencidoyou would have convinced | vosotros | habríais convencidoyou all would have convinced |
| él/ella/Ud. | habría convencidohe/she would have convinced | ellos/Uds. | habrían convencidothey would have convinced |
Futuro de subjuntivo
Future subjunctive — legal and proverbial only: adonde fueres, haz lo que vieres
| yo | convenciere(should) I convince | nosotros | convenciéremos(should) we convince |
| tú | convencieres(should) you convince | vosotros | convenciereis(should) you all convince |
| él/ella/Ud. | convenciere(should) he/she convince | ellos/Uds. | convencieren(should) they convince |
Imperativotelling someone to
Imperativo afirmativo
Imperative (do it) — orders and requests; there is no yo form
| yo | — | nosotros | convenzamoslet's convince |
| tú | convenceconvince! | vosotros | convencedconvince! |
| él/ella/Ud. | convenzaconvince! | ellos/Uds. | convenzanconvince! |
Imperativo negativo
Imperative (don't) — no + subjunctive — never the affirmative form with no in front
| yo | — | nosotros | no convenzamoslet's not convince |
| tú | no convenzasdon't convince | vosotros | no convenzáisdon't convince |
| él/ella/Ud. | no convenzadon't convince | ellos/Uds. | no convenzandon't convince |
