comprar
to buyPresentewhat is going on now
Presente
Present — what is happening now, and what happens habitually
| yo | comproI buy | nosotros | compramoswe buy |
| tú | comprasyou buy | vosotros | compráisyou all buy |
| él/ella/Ud. | comprahe/she buys | ellos/Uds. | compranthey buy |
Pretérito perfecto
Present perfect — have —ed; a past still touching now. Spain: today, this week. Latin America: mostly the indefinido instead
| yo | he compradoI have bought | nosotros | hemos compradowe have bought |
| tú | has compradoyou have bought | vosotros | habéis compradoyou all have bought |
| él/ella/Ud. | ha compradohe/she has bought | ellos/Uds. | han compradothey have bought |
Presente de subjuntivo
Present subjunctive — after que with wishes, doubt, emotion, ojalá
| yo | compre(that) I buy | nosotros | compremos(that) we buy |
| tú | compres(that) you buy | vosotros | compréis(that) you all buy |
| él/ella/Ud. | compre(that) he/she buys | ellos/Uds. | compren(that) they buy |
Perfecto de subjuntivo
Present perfect subjunctive — have —ed, under doubt or emotion: no creo que haya venido
| yo | haya comprado(that) I have bought | nosotros | hayamos comprado(that) we have bought |
| tú | hayas comprado(that) you have bought | vosotros | hayáis comprado(that) you all have bought |
| él/ella/Ud. | haya comprado(that) he/she has bought | ellos/Uds. | hayan comprado(that) they have bought |
Pasadowhat went on
Pretérito indefinido
Preterite — a finished past action — it started, it ended
| yo | compréI bought | nosotros | compramoswe bought |
| tú | comprasteyou bought | vosotros | comprasteisyou all bought |
| él/ella/Ud. | compróhe/she bought | ellos/Uds. | compraronthey bought |
Pretérito imperfecto
Imperfect — used to / was —ing; background, habits, descriptions
| yo | comprabaI used to buy | nosotros | comprábamoswe used to buy |
| tú | comprabasyou used to buy | vosotros | comprabaisyou all used to buy |
| él/ella/Ud. | comprabahe/she used to buy | ellos/Uds. | comprabanthey used to buy |
Pretérito pluscuamperfecto
Past perfect — had —ed; further back than another past event
| yo | había compradoI had bought | nosotros | habíamos compradowe had bought |
| tú | habías compradoyou had bought | vosotros | habíais compradoyou all had bought |
| él/ella/Ud. | había compradohe/she had bought | ellos/Uds. | habían compradothey had bought |
Imperfecto de subjuntivo (-ra)
Imperfect subjunctive — si clauses and past-tense wishes: si tuviera, quería que fuera
| yo | comprara(that) I bought | nosotros | compráramos(that) we bought |
| tú | compraras(that) you bought | vosotros | comprarais(that) you all bought |
| él/ella/Ud. | comprara(that) he/she bought | ellos/Uds. | compraran(that) they bought |
Imperfecto de subjuntivo (-se)
Imperfect subjunctive — the same tense, second form; commoner in Spain and in writing
| yo | comprase(that) I bought | nosotros | comprásemos(that) we bought |
| tú | comprases(that) you bought | vosotros | compraseis(that) you all bought |
| él/ella/Ud. | comprase(that) he/she bought | ellos/Uds. | comprasen(that) they bought |
Pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo
Past perfect subjunctive — had —ed, hypothetically: si hubiera sabido
| yo | hubiera comprado(that) I had bought | nosotros | hubiéramos comprado(that) we had bought |
| tú | hubieras comprado(that) you had bought | vosotros | hubierais comprado(that) you all had bought |
| él/ella/Ud. | hubiera comprado(that) he/she had bought | ellos/Uds. | hubieran comprado(that) they had bought |
Pretérito anterior
Preterite perfect — had —ed, immediately before; literary, all but extinct
| yo | hube compradoI had bought | nosotros | hubimos compradowe had bought |
| tú | hubiste compradoyou had bought | vosotros | hubisteis compradoyou all had bought |
| él/ella/Ud. | hubo compradohe/she had bought | ellos/Uds. | hubieron compradothey had bought |
Futurowhat will or would go on
Futuro simple
Future — will — (spoken Spanish often prefers voy a + infinitivo)
| yo | compraréI will buy | nosotros | compraremoswe will buy |
| tú | comprarásyou will buy | vosotros | compraréisyou all will buy |
| él/ella/Ud. | compraráhe/she will buy | ellos/Uds. | compraránthey will buy |
Condicional simple
Conditional — would —; also softens a request into politeness
| yo | compraríaI would buy | nosotros | compraríamoswe would buy |
| tú | compraríasyou would buy | vosotros | compraríaisyou all would buy |
| él/ella/Ud. | compraríahe/she would buy | ellos/Uds. | compraríanthey would buy |
Futuro perfecto
Future perfect — will have —ed; done by some future point
| yo | habré compradoI will have bought | nosotros | habremos compradowe will have bought |
| tú | habrás compradoyou will have bought | vosotros | habréis compradoyou all will have bought |
| él/ella/Ud. | habrá compradohe/she will have bought | ellos/Uds. | habrán compradothey will have bought |
Condicional perfecto
Conditional perfect — would have —ed; the road not taken
| yo | habría compradoI would have bought | nosotros | habríamos compradowe would have bought |
| tú | habrías compradoyou would have bought | vosotros | habríais compradoyou all would have bought |
| él/ella/Ud. | habría compradohe/she would have bought | ellos/Uds. | habrían compradothey would have bought |
Futuro de subjuntivo
Future subjunctive — legal and proverbial only: adonde fueres, haz lo que vieres
| yo | comprare(should) I buy | nosotros | compráremos(should) we buy |
| tú | comprares(should) you buy | vosotros | comprareis(should) you all buy |
| él/ella/Ud. | comprare(should) he/she buy | ellos/Uds. | compraren(should) they buy |
Imperativotelling someone to
Imperativo afirmativo
Imperative (do it) — orders and requests; there is no yo form
| yo | — | nosotros | compremoslet's buy |
| tú | comprabuy! | vosotros | compradbuy! |
| él/ella/Ud. | comprebuy! | ellos/Uds. | comprenbuy! |
Imperativo negativo
Imperative (don't) — no + subjunctive — never the affirmative form with no in front
| yo | — | nosotros | no compremoslet's not buy |
| tú | no compresdon't buy | vosotros | no compréisdon't buy |
| él/ella/Ud. | no compredon't buy | ellos/Uds. | no comprendon't buy |
