callar
to keep quietPresentewhat is going on now
Presente
Present — what is happening now, and what happens habitually
| yo | calloI keep quiet | nosotros | callamoswe keep quiet |
| tú | callasyou keep quiet | vosotros | calláisyou all keep quiet |
| él/ella/Ud. | callahe/she keeps quiet | ellos/Uds. | callanthey keep quiet |
Pretérito perfecto
Present perfect — have —ed; a past still touching now. Spain: today, this week. Latin America: mostly the indefinido instead
| yo | he calladoI have kept quiet | nosotros | hemos calladowe have kept quiet |
| tú | has calladoyou have kept quiet | vosotros | habéis calladoyou all have kept quiet |
| él/ella/Ud. | ha calladohe/she has kept quiet | ellos/Uds. | han calladothey have kept quiet |
Presente de subjuntivo
Present subjunctive — after que with wishes, doubt, emotion, ojalá
| yo | calle(that) I keep quiet | nosotros | callemos(that) we keep quiet |
| tú | calles(that) you keep quiet | vosotros | calléis(that) you all keep quiet |
| él/ella/Ud. | calle(that) he/she keeps quiet | ellos/Uds. | callen(that) they keep quiet |
Perfecto de subjuntivo
Present perfect subjunctive — have —ed, under doubt or emotion: no creo que haya venido
| yo | haya callado(that) I have kept quiet | nosotros | hayamos callado(that) we have kept quiet |
| tú | hayas callado(that) you have kept quiet | vosotros | hayáis callado(that) you all have kept quiet |
| él/ella/Ud. | haya callado(that) he/she has kept quiet | ellos/Uds. | hayan callado(that) they have kept quiet |
Pasadowhat went on
Pretérito indefinido
Preterite — a finished past action — it started, it ended
| yo | calléI kept quiet | nosotros | callamoswe kept quiet |
| tú | callasteyou kept quiet | vosotros | callasteisyou all kept quiet |
| él/ella/Ud. | callóhe/she kept quiet | ellos/Uds. | callaronthey kept quiet |
Pretérito imperfecto
Imperfect — used to / was —ing; background, habits, descriptions
| yo | callabaI used to keep quiet | nosotros | callábamoswe used to keep quiet |
| tú | callabasyou used to keep quiet | vosotros | callabaisyou all used to keep quiet |
| él/ella/Ud. | callabahe/she used to keep quiet | ellos/Uds. | callabanthey used to keep quiet |
Pretérito pluscuamperfecto
Past perfect — had —ed; further back than another past event
| yo | había calladoI had kept quiet | nosotros | habíamos calladowe had kept quiet |
| tú | habías calladoyou had kept quiet | vosotros | habíais calladoyou all had kept quiet |
| él/ella/Ud. | había calladohe/she had kept quiet | ellos/Uds. | habían calladothey had kept quiet |
Imperfecto de subjuntivo (-ra)
Imperfect subjunctive — si clauses and past-tense wishes: si tuviera, quería que fuera
| yo | callara(that) I kept quiet | nosotros | calláramos(that) we kept quiet |
| tú | callaras(that) you kept quiet | vosotros | callarais(that) you all kept quiet |
| él/ella/Ud. | callara(that) he/she kept quiet | ellos/Uds. | callaran(that) they kept quiet |
Imperfecto de subjuntivo (-se)
Imperfect subjunctive — the same tense, second form; commoner in Spain and in writing
| yo | callase(that) I kept quiet | nosotros | callásemos(that) we kept quiet |
| tú | callases(that) you kept quiet | vosotros | callaseis(that) you all kept quiet |
| él/ella/Ud. | callase(that) he/she kept quiet | ellos/Uds. | callasen(that) they kept quiet |
Pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo
Past perfect subjunctive — had —ed, hypothetically: si hubiera sabido
| yo | hubiera callado(that) I had kept quiet | nosotros | hubiéramos callado(that) we had kept quiet |
| tú | hubieras callado(that) you had kept quiet | vosotros | hubierais callado(that) you all had kept quiet |
| él/ella/Ud. | hubiera callado(that) he/she had kept quiet | ellos/Uds. | hubieran callado(that) they had kept quiet |
Pretérito anterior
Preterite perfect — had —ed, immediately before; literary, all but extinct
| yo | hube calladoI had kept quiet | nosotros | hubimos calladowe had kept quiet |
| tú | hubiste calladoyou had kept quiet | vosotros | hubisteis calladoyou all had kept quiet |
| él/ella/Ud. | hubo calladohe/she had kept quiet | ellos/Uds. | hubieron calladothey had kept quiet |
Futurowhat will or would go on
Futuro simple
Future — will — (spoken Spanish often prefers voy a + infinitivo)
| yo | callaréI will keep quiet | nosotros | callaremoswe will keep quiet |
| tú | callarásyou will keep quiet | vosotros | callaréisyou all will keep quiet |
| él/ella/Ud. | callaráhe/she will keep quiet | ellos/Uds. | callaránthey will keep quiet |
Condicional simple
Conditional — would —; also softens a request into politeness
| yo | callaríaI would keep quiet | nosotros | callaríamoswe would keep quiet |
| tú | callaríasyou would keep quiet | vosotros | callaríaisyou all would keep quiet |
| él/ella/Ud. | callaríahe/she would keep quiet | ellos/Uds. | callaríanthey would keep quiet |
Futuro perfecto
Future perfect — will have —ed; done by some future point
| yo | habré calladoI will have kept quiet | nosotros | habremos calladowe will have kept quiet |
| tú | habrás calladoyou will have kept quiet | vosotros | habréis calladoyou all will have kept quiet |
| él/ella/Ud. | habrá calladohe/she will have kept quiet | ellos/Uds. | habrán calladothey will have kept quiet |
Condicional perfecto
Conditional perfect — would have —ed; the road not taken
| yo | habría calladoI would have kept quiet | nosotros | habríamos calladowe would have kept quiet |
| tú | habrías calladoyou would have kept quiet | vosotros | habríais calladoyou all would have kept quiet |
| él/ella/Ud. | habría calladohe/she would have kept quiet | ellos/Uds. | habrían calladothey would have kept quiet |
Futuro de subjuntivo
Future subjunctive — legal and proverbial only: adonde fueres, haz lo que vieres
| yo | callare(should) I keep quiet | nosotros | calláremos(should) we keep quiet |
| tú | callares(should) you keep quiet | vosotros | callareis(should) you all keep quiet |
| él/ella/Ud. | callare(should) he/she keep quiet | ellos/Uds. | callaren(should) they keep quiet |
Imperativotelling someone to
Imperativo afirmativo
Imperative (do it) — orders and requests; there is no yo form
| yo | — | nosotros | callemoslet's keep quiet |
| tú | callakeep quiet! | vosotros | calladkeep quiet! |
| él/ella/Ud. | callekeep quiet! | ellos/Uds. | callenkeep quiet! |
Imperativo negativo
Imperative (don't) — no + subjunctive — never the affirmative form with no in front
| yo | — | nosotros | no callemoslet's not keep quiet |
| tú | no callesdon't keep quiet | vosotros | no calléisdon't keep quiet |
| él/ella/Ud. | no calledon't keep quiet | ellos/Uds. | no callendon't keep quiet |
