acabar
to finish, to have justPresentewhat is going on now
Presente
Present — what is happening now, and what happens habitually
| yo | acaboI finish | nosotros | acabamoswe finish |
| tú | acabasyou finish | vosotros | acabáisyou all finish |
| él/ella/Ud. | acabahe/she finishes | ellos/Uds. | acabanthey finish |
Pretérito perfecto
Present perfect — have —ed; a past still touching now. Spain: today, this week. Latin America: mostly the indefinido instead
| yo | he acabadoI have finished | nosotros | hemos acabadowe have finished |
| tú | has acabadoyou have finished | vosotros | habéis acabadoyou all have finished |
| él/ella/Ud. | ha acabadohe/she has finished | ellos/Uds. | han acabadothey have finished |
Presente de subjuntivo
Present subjunctive — after que with wishes, doubt, emotion, ojalá
| yo | acabe(that) I finish | nosotros | acabemos(that) we finish |
| tú | acabes(that) you finish | vosotros | acabéis(that) you all finish |
| él/ella/Ud. | acabe(that) he/she finishes | ellos/Uds. | acaben(that) they finish |
Perfecto de subjuntivo
Present perfect subjunctive — have —ed, under doubt or emotion: no creo que haya venido
| yo | haya acabado(that) I have finished | nosotros | hayamos acabado(that) we have finished |
| tú | hayas acabado(that) you have finished | vosotros | hayáis acabado(that) you all have finished |
| él/ella/Ud. | haya acabado(that) he/she has finished | ellos/Uds. | hayan acabado(that) they have finished |
Pasadowhat went on
Pretérito indefinido
Preterite — a finished past action — it started, it ended
| yo | acabéI finished | nosotros | acabamoswe finished |
| tú | acabasteyou finished | vosotros | acabasteisyou all finished |
| él/ella/Ud. | acabóhe/she finished | ellos/Uds. | acabaronthey finished |
Pretérito imperfecto
Imperfect — used to / was —ing; background, habits, descriptions
| yo | acababaI used to finish | nosotros | acabábamoswe used to finish |
| tú | acababasyou used to finish | vosotros | acababaisyou all used to finish |
| él/ella/Ud. | acababahe/she used to finish | ellos/Uds. | acababanthey used to finish |
Pretérito pluscuamperfecto
Past perfect — had —ed; further back than another past event
| yo | había acabadoI had finished | nosotros | habíamos acabadowe had finished |
| tú | habías acabadoyou had finished | vosotros | habíais acabadoyou all had finished |
| él/ella/Ud. | había acabadohe/she had finished | ellos/Uds. | habían acabadothey had finished |
Imperfecto de subjuntivo (-ra)
Imperfect subjunctive — si clauses and past-tense wishes: si tuviera, quería que fuera
| yo | acabara(that) I finished | nosotros | acabáramos(that) we finished |
| tú | acabaras(that) you finished | vosotros | acabarais(that) you all finished |
| él/ella/Ud. | acabara(that) he/she finished | ellos/Uds. | acabaran(that) they finished |
Imperfecto de subjuntivo (-se)
Imperfect subjunctive — the same tense, second form; commoner in Spain and in writing
| yo | acabase(that) I finished | nosotros | acabásemos(that) we finished |
| tú | acabases(that) you finished | vosotros | acabaseis(that) you all finished |
| él/ella/Ud. | acabase(that) he/she finished | ellos/Uds. | acabasen(that) they finished |
Pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo
Past perfect subjunctive — had —ed, hypothetically: si hubiera sabido
| yo | hubiera acabado(that) I had finished | nosotros | hubiéramos acabado(that) we had finished |
| tú | hubieras acabado(that) you had finished | vosotros | hubierais acabado(that) you all had finished |
| él/ella/Ud. | hubiera acabado(that) he/she had finished | ellos/Uds. | hubieran acabado(that) they had finished |
Pretérito anterior
Preterite perfect — had —ed, immediately before; literary, all but extinct
| yo | hube acabadoI had finished | nosotros | hubimos acabadowe had finished |
| tú | hubiste acabadoyou had finished | vosotros | hubisteis acabadoyou all had finished |
| él/ella/Ud. | hubo acabadohe/she had finished | ellos/Uds. | hubieron acabadothey had finished |
Futurowhat will or would go on
Futuro simple
Future — will — (spoken Spanish often prefers voy a + infinitivo)
| yo | acabaréI will finish | nosotros | acabaremoswe will finish |
| tú | acabarásyou will finish | vosotros | acabaréisyou all will finish |
| él/ella/Ud. | acabaráhe/she will finish | ellos/Uds. | acabaránthey will finish |
Condicional simple
Conditional — would —; also softens a request into politeness
| yo | acabaríaI would finish | nosotros | acabaríamoswe would finish |
| tú | acabaríasyou would finish | vosotros | acabaríaisyou all would finish |
| él/ella/Ud. | acabaríahe/she would finish | ellos/Uds. | acabaríanthey would finish |
Futuro perfecto
Future perfect — will have —ed; done by some future point
| yo | habré acabadoI will have finished | nosotros | habremos acabadowe will have finished |
| tú | habrás acabadoyou will have finished | vosotros | habréis acabadoyou all will have finished |
| él/ella/Ud. | habrá acabadohe/she will have finished | ellos/Uds. | habrán acabadothey will have finished |
Condicional perfecto
Conditional perfect — would have —ed; the road not taken
| yo | habría acabadoI would have finished | nosotros | habríamos acabadowe would have finished |
| tú | habrías acabadoyou would have finished | vosotros | habríais acabadoyou all would have finished |
| él/ella/Ud. | habría acabadohe/she would have finished | ellos/Uds. | habrían acabadothey would have finished |
Futuro de subjuntivo
Future subjunctive — legal and proverbial only: adonde fueres, haz lo que vieres
| yo | acabare(should) I finish | nosotros | acabáremos(should) we finish |
| tú | acabares(should) you finish | vosotros | acabareis(should) you all finish |
| él/ella/Ud. | acabare(should) he/she finish | ellos/Uds. | acabaren(should) they finish |
Imperativotelling someone to
Imperativo afirmativo
Imperative (do it) — orders and requests; there is no yo form
| yo | — | nosotros | acabemoslet's finish |
| tú | acabafinish! | vosotros | acabadfinish! |
| él/ella/Ud. | acabefinish! | ellos/Uds. | acabenfinish! |
Imperativo negativo
Imperative (don't) — no + subjunctive — never the affirmative form with no in front
| yo | — | nosotros | no acabemoslet's not finish |
| tú | no acabesdon't finish | vosotros | no acabéisdon't finish |
| él/ella/Ud. | no acabedon't finish | ellos/Uds. | no acabendon't finish |
